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(from Wikipedia entry)

Henry Duff Traill (14 August 1842 - 21 February 1900), was a British author and journalist.

Born at Blackheath, he belonged to an old Caithness family, the Traills of Rattar, and his father, James Traill, was the stipendiary magistrate of Greenwich and Woolwich Police Court. He was sent to the Merchant Taylors' School, where he rose to be head of the school and obtained a scholarship at St. John's College, Oxford. Initially destined for the profession of medicine, Traill took his degree in natural sciences in 1865 but then he read for the bar and was called in 1869. In 1871 he received an appointment as an Inspector of Returns for the Board of Education, a position which left him leisure to cultivate his gift for literature.

In 1873 he became a contributor to the Pall Mall Gazette, then under the editorship of Frederick Greenwood. He followed Greenwood to the St. James's Gazette when in 1880 the Pall Mall Gazette took for a time the Liberal side, and he continued to contribute to that paper up to 1895. In the meantime he had also joined the staff of the Saturday Review, to which he sent, among other writings, weekly verses upon subjects of the hour. Some of the best of these he republished in 1882 in a volume called Recaptured Rhymes, and others in a later collection of Saturday Songs (1890).

He was also a leader-writer for the Daily Telegraph and edited The Observer from 1889 until 1891, which experienced an increase in circulation during his time there. In 1897 he became first editor of Literature, when that weekly paper (afterwards sold and incorporated with the Academy) was established by the proprietors of The Times, and directed its fortunes until his death.

Traill's long connection with journalism must not obscure the fact that he was a man of letters rather than a journalist. He wrote best when he wrote with least sense of the burden of responsibility. His playful humour and his ready wit were only given full scope when he was writing to please himself. One of his most brilliant jeux d'esprit was a pamphlet which was published without his name soon after he had begun to write for the newspapers. It was called The Israelitish Question and the Comments of the Canaan Journals thereon (1876). This told the story of the Exodus in articles which parodied very cleverly the style of all the leading journals of the day, and was at once recognized as the work of a born humorist. Traill sustained this reputation with The New Lucian, which appeared in 1884 (2nd ed., with several new dialogues, 1900); but for the rest his labors were upon more serious lines. He directed the production of a vast work on Social England in 1893-1898; he wrote, for several series of biographies, studies of Coleridge (1884), Sterne (1882), William III (1888), Shaftesbury (1886), Strafford (1889), and Lord Salisbury (1891); he compiled a biography of Sir John Franklin, the Arctic explorer (1896); and after a visit to Egypt he published a volume on the country, and in 1897 appeared his book on Lord Cromer, the man who had done so much to bring it back to prosperity. Of these the literary studies are the best, for Traill possessed great critical insight. He published two collections of essays: Number Twenty (1892), and The New Fiction (1897). In 1865 his Glaucus, a tale of a Fish, was produced at the Olympic Theatre with Miss Nellie Farren in the part of Glaucus. In conjunction with Mr. Robert Hichens he wrote The Medicine Man, produced at the Lyceum in 1898. He died in London on the 21st of February 1900.

He also edited the Centenary edition of the Works of Thomas Carlyle (30 volumes, Chapman and Hall, 1896-1907), writing introductions to the various works.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Duff_Traill .

Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (January 30, 1813 – April 24, 1875) was an English biblical scholar, textual critic, and theologian.

May be G.M. Trevelyan.

Eric Lansdown Trist (September 11, 1909 – June 4, 1993) was an influential British theorist in the fields of psychology and organizational development. Trist was born to a British Naval Officer and Scottish mother in Dover, England, where he spent his early life. After completing his primary school education at the Dover County School in 1928, Trist read English Literature and Psychology at the University of Cambridge. While there, he studied under psychologist Sir Frederick Bartlett and influential British literary critics, F.R. Leavis and I.A. Richards, and was heavily influenced by the ideas of Kurt Lewin, whom he later met on more than one occasion. Trist graduated from Cambridge in 1933, whereupon he became the Commonwealth Fund Fellow in Social Psychology and Anthropology at Yale University until 1935. From 1935-1940, Trist was a member of the department of Psychology at the University of St. Andrew's, Scotland. During the war, he worked as a psychologist and researcher at the Institute of Psychiatry at Mill Hill Emergency Hospital, University of London, and as a senior psychologist with the War Office Selection Board. This led to a post-war position advising the British Army's Civil Resettlement Scheme for British repatriated prisoners of war. For this work, Trist was designated an Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE).

In 1946, Trist helped launch the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, a British charity dedicated to research in organizational and group behaviour. He acted as the Institute's Deputy-Chair until 1958 and as Chair from 1958 to 1966. From 1960 to 1961, Trist was a Ford Fellow at the Centre for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University. In 1966, he became professor of organizational behaviour and social ecology at the University of California Los Angeles, a post he held until 1969. At this time, he joined the faculty at the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, as professor of organizational behaviour and social ecology, a position from which he retired to Emeritus status in 1978. Following this, Trist became a professor in the Faculty of Environmental Studies at York University, again teaching organizational development and social ecology. In 1979, Trist was named a Fellow of the International Academy of Management. In 1983, he was awarded an honourary LLD from York University. He retired from academia in 1985.

During his career, Trist authored and co-authored numerous works in the social sciences, including Organizational Choice: Capabilities of Groups at the Coal Face Under Changing Technologies (Tavistock, 1963) and Towards a Social Ecology (with Fred Emery, Plenum Press, 1973). He was co-editor (with Hugh Murray) of The Social Engagement of Social Science: A Tavistock Anthology (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990).

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Wilfred Batten Lewis Trotter, FRS (1872-1939) was a British surgeon, a pioneer in neurosurgery. He was also known for his studies on social psychology, most notably for his concept of the herd instinct, which he first outlined in two published papers in 1908, and later in his famous popular work Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War. Trotter argued that gregariousness was an instinct, and studied beehives, flocks of sheep and wolf packs. Born in Coleford, Gloucestershire in 1872, Trotter moved to London to attend college at age 16. An excellent medical student, he decided to specialize in surgery and was appointed Surgical Registrar at University College Hospital in 1901 and Assistant Surgeon in 1906. He opened his own practice after obtaining his medical degree. He was also a keen writer, with an interest in science and philosophy. In 1908, he published two papers on the subject of herd mentality, which were precursors to his later, more famous, work.

Working at University College Hospital in London as professor of surgery, he held the office of honorary surgeon to King George V from 1928 to 1932. He was also a member of the Council of the Royal Society that conferred their Honorary Membership on Professor Freud, whom he attended after his move to England. Later he was consulted about Freud's terminal cancer, in 1938. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in May 1931. In the last years of his life, he became professor and director of the surgical unit at UCH and turned to writing on a larger scale.

He died in Blackmoor, Hampshire in 1939. The Collected Papers of Wilfred Trotter, an anthology of his final essays, appeared two years after his death.

Trotter was also the surgeon, at University College London for whom Wilfred Bion worked as a resident in his own medical training, before he famously studied groups and trained as a psychoanalyst at the Tavistock Institute. In her account of Bion's life "The Days of our Years," his wife Francesca writes of the great influence Trotter had on the direction of Bion's work on group relations.

Edward Bernays, author of Propaganda and nephew to Freud, also refers to Trotter and Gustave Le Bon in his writings.

He met Sigmund Freud several times. According to Ernest Jones (Freud's first biographer), "he was one of the first two or three in England to appreciate the significance of Freud's work, which I came to know through him. He was one of the rapidly diminishing group who attended the first International Congress at Salzburg in 1908". Trotter's popular book, The Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War is an analysis of group psychology and the ability of large numbers of people to be swayed by innate tendency. In it he popularised in English the concept, first developed by French sociologist Gustave Le Bon, of an instinct overriding the will of the individual in favour of the group.

Trotter's writings about the herd mentality, which began as early as 1905 and were published as a paper in two parts in 1908 and 1909 are considered by some to represent a breakthrough in the understanding of group behaviour, long before its study became important in a variety of fields, from workplace relations to marketing. includes ltter from Trotter to Dr. F. van Eeden.

For more information see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilfred_Trotter.

Albert Tucker, former principal at Glendon College (1970-1975) and professor of history, taught at the college from 1966.

During the Second World War, Tucker served in the ground crew of the Tactical Air Force. After demobilization, he returned to Canada and enrolled in the University of Toronto through the Veterans Education Plan. He earned his PhD at Harvard University before joining Glendon's history faculty.

Heavily involved in the administration of the university, Tucker has served on University Senate and various committees.

“Turbo Street Funk defy convention; whether they’re playing a festival, pub, concert hall, or even on a busy street corner, the infectious sounds of Turbo Street Funk always sound at home. With a performance style rooted in the New Orleans horn band tradition, Turbo Street Funk combine Top 40 hits with top notch originals in an incendiary show that gets people moving. Formed in 2011, Turbo Street Funk started as a professional busking band, performing on the streets of Toronto four days a week each spring and summer while members of the band attended university. [...] The band quickly drew the attention of Canadian jazz legend, Richard Underhill, who introduced them to fellow “Shuffle Demon” and music producer, George Koller. With George at the helm, Turbo Street Funk released their debut album, To The Street, in May 2014 at Toronto’s legendary Horseshoe Tavern. The album features unique artwork and design from JUNO Award Winning graphic artist, Michael Wrycraft.” https://turbostreetfunk.com/bio

Barbara Turnbull, Toronto star reporter, advocate and disability activist, was born February 7, 1965 in Montreal, Quebec as the third born of five daughters. At the age of seven, she moved with her mother and four sisters to Mississauga, Ontario where she attended elementary and high school.

On September 23, 1983 Turnbull was working part time at a Becker’s convenience store in Mississauga when the store was robbed at gunpoint. Turnbull was shot in the neck and sustained a spinal cord injury which resulted in her becoming quadriplegic. The event became high profile news, and the media, particularly in the Greater Toronto Area, followed Turnbull’s recovery and the subsequent criminal trial for the men involved in the shooting, into 1985.

In the years after her injury, Turnbull took courses at the University of Toronto, and eventually moved to attend Arizona State University, where she received a Bachelor of Arts in Journalism, graduating Magna Cum Laude and as the class valedictorian. Upon returning to Toronto in 1990, she was hired by the Toronto Star as a reporter, where she then worked for the next twenty-five years.

Turnbull became an outspoken and avid advocate for those with spinal cord injuries such as herself. This advocacy led to the founding of the Barbara Turnbull Foundation for Spinal Cord Research, and the creation of the Turnbull-Tator Award in Spinal Cord Injury and Concussion Research, alongside Dr. Charles Tator, one of Barbara’s original doctors at the time of her injury. The award aims to annually recognize outstanding publication by an independent researcher at a Canadian institution in the field of spinal chord and/or brain injury. Turnbull’s advocacy efforts extended to creating real change toward accessibility. In 1993, Turnbull filed a complaint with the Ontario Humans Rights Commission over the lack of accessibility in cinemas operated by Famous Players. (Four other complaints were made by Marilyn Chapman, Domenic Fragale, Ing Wong-Ward and Steven Macaulay.) In 2001, the court ruled in Turnbull’s favor and as a result Famous Players was required to make all their cinemas fully accessible, which resulted in a few downtown theatres being permanently closed.

Throughout her career, Turnbull was acknowledged by many organizations for her work and advocacy, including two honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of Toronto and York University. Posthumously, she was awarded the Order of Canada.

Turnbull died in 2015 at the age of 50.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Herbert Hall Turner FRS (13 August 1861, Leeds - 20 August 1930, Stockholm) was a British astronomer and seismologist. Herbert Hall Turner was educated at Clifton College and Trinity College, Cambridge., In 1884 he accepted the post of Chief Assistant at Greenwich Observatory and stayed there for nine years. In 1893 he became Savilian Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Observatory at Oxford University, a post he held for 37 years until his sudden death in 1930.

He was one of the observers in the Eclipse Expeditions of 1886 and 1887. In seismology, he is credited with the discovery of deep focus earthquakes. He is also credited with coining the word parsec.

His 1897 Royal Society candidature citation read: " Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society. Was Chief Assistant at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich 1884-1894. Author of various papers among which may be mentioned:-

"On the correction of the Equilibrium theory of tides for the continents (with G H Darwin, Proc.RS. vol lx)
"Report of observations of total solar eclipse of Aug 29 1886" (Phil Trans. vol 180A),
"On Mr Edgeworth's method of reducing observations relating to several quantities" (Phil. Mag. Vol24).
"On Mr Leath's Intersects" (Monthly Notices R.A.S. vol xlvi).
"On observations for coincidence of collimators at Royal Observatory Greenwich" (M,N. Vols xlv and liii).
"On the variations of level against of the Transit Circle at Royal Observatory Greenwich" (M.N. Vol.xlvii).
"On the longitude of Paris" (M.N. vol li).
"on stellar Photography" (M.N. Vols xlix and liv)
On the R-D discordnace (M.N. vol Liii p. 374 and 424, vol Liv p. 486, Mem Part. 3. vol ii);
On new forms of levels (M.N. Vol Lii).
Conference of the Cape (1880) and Greenwich (1880)
Star Catalogues (Mem. Rs.F.S, vol Li).
On the reduction of measures of photographic plates (N.N. vol LiV)
He co edited the first official history of the Royal Astronomical Society along with John Louis Emil Dreyer, History of the Royal Astronomical Society 1820-1920 (1923, reprinted 1987).

He died of a brain haemorrhage in 1930 at a conference in Stockholm. He had married Agnes Margaret Whyte in 1899; they had one daughter, Dr Ruth Turner of St Mary's Hospital, London.

A few months before Turner's death in 1930, the Lowell Observatory announced the discovery of a new minor planet, and an eleven-year-old Oxford schoolgirl, Venetia Burney, proposed the name Pluto for it to her grandfather Falconer Madan, who was retired from the Bodleian Library, Madan passed the name to Turner, who cabled it to colleagues at the Lowell Observatory in the United States. The new minor planet was officially named "Pluto" on 24 March 1930.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Hall_Turner .

“Molly Rose Tuttle is an American vocalist, songwriter, banjo player and guitarist, recording artist and teacher in the bluegrass tradition, noted for her flatpicking, clawhammer, and crosspicking guitar prowess. She has cited Laurie Lewis, Kathy Kallick, Alison Krauss and Hazel Dickens as role models. In 2017, Tuttle was the first woman to win the International Bluegrass Music Association's Guitar Player of the Year award. In 2018 she won the award again, along with being named the Americana Music Association's Instrumentalist of the Year. Tuttle won the Best Bluegrass Album and received a nomination for the all-genre Best New Artist award at the 65th Annual Grammy Awards.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molly_Tuttle

(from Wikipedia entry)

Sir Edward Burnett Tylor (2 October 1832 - 2 January 1917), was an English anthropologist.

Tylor is representative of cultural evolutionism. In his works Primitive Culture and Anthropology, he defined the context of the scientific study of anthropology, based on the evolutionary theories of Charles Lyell. He believed that there was a functional basis for the development of society and religion, which he determined was universal. Tylor is considered by many to be a founding figure of the science of social anthropology, and his scholarly works helped to build the discipline of anthropology in the nineteenth century. He believed that "research into the history and prehistory of man... could be used as a basis for the reform of British society."

Tylor reintroduced the term animism (faith in the individual soul or anima of all things, and natural manifestations) into common use. He considered animism to be the first phase of development of religions. E. B. Tylor was born in 1832, in Camberwell, London. He was the son of Joseph Tylor and Harriet Skipper, part of a family of wealthy Quakers who owned a London brass factory. His elder brother Alfred Tylor became a geologist.

He was educated at Grove House School, Tottenham, but due to the deaths of Tylor's parents during his early adulthood he never gained a university degree. After his parents’ deaths, he prepared to help manage the family business, but had to set this plan aside when he developed symptoms consistent with the onset of tuberculosis (TB). Following advice to spend time in warmer climes, Tylor left England in 1855, travelling to Mexico and Central America. The experience proved to be an important and formative one, sparking his lifelong interest in studying unfamiliar cultures.

During his travels, Tylor met Henry Christy, a fellow Quaker, ethnologist and archaeologist. Tylor's association with Christy greatly stimulated his awakening interest in anthropology, and helped broaden his inquiries to include prehistoric studies. Tylor’s first publication was a result of his 1856 trip to Mexico with Christy. His notes on the beliefs and practices of the people he encountered were the basis of his work Anahuac: Or Mexico and the Mexicans, Ancient and Modern (1861), published after his return to England. Tylor continued to study the customs and beliefs of tribal communities, both existing and prehistoric (based on archaeological finds). He published his second work, Researches into the Early History of Mankind and the Development of Civilization, in 1865. Following this came his most influential work, Primitive Culture (1871). This was important not only for its thorough study of human civilization and contributions to the emergent field of anthropology, but for its undeniable influence on a handful of young scholars, such as J. G. Frazer, who were to become Tylor's disciples and contribute greatly to the scientific study of anthropology in later years.

Tylor was appointed Keeper of the University Museum at Oxford in 1883, and, as well as serving as a lecturer, held the title of the first “Reader in Anthropology” from 1884-1895. In 1896 he was appointed the first Professor of Anthropology at Oxford University. He was involved in the early history of the Pitt Rivers Museum, although to a debatable extent. Tylor’s notion is best described in his most famous work, the two-volume Primitive Culture. The first volume, The Origins of Culture, deals with ethnography including social evolution, linguistics, and myth. The second volume, Religion in Primitive Culture, deals mainly with his interpretation of animism. Fundamental to understanding Tylor’s notion is his negative feelings towards religion, and especially Christianity.

On the first page of Primitive Culture, Tylor provides a definition which is one of his most widely recognized contributions to anthropology and the study of religion:

"Culture, or civilization, taken in its broad, ethnographic sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society."

Unlike many of his predecessors and contemporaries, Tylor asserts that the human mind and its capabilities are the same globally, despite a particular society’s stage in social evolution. This means that a hunter-gatherer society would possess the same amount of intelligence as an advanced industrial society. The difference, Tylor asserts, is education, which he considers the cumulative knowledge and methodology that takes thousands of years to acquire. Tylor often likens primitive cultures to “children”, and sees culture and the mind of humans as progressive. His work was a refutation of the theory of social degeneration, which was popular at the time. At the end of Primitive Culture, Tylor writes, “The science of culture is essentially a reformers' science.” A term ascribed to Tylor was his theory of "survivals". Tylor asserted that when a society evolves, certain customs are retained that are unnecessary in the new society, like outworn and useless "baggage". His definition of survivals is

"processes, customs, and opinions, and so forth, which have been carried on by force of habit into a new state of society different from that in which they had their original home, and they thus remain as proofs and examples of an older condition of culture out of which a newer has been evolved."

"Survivals" can include outdated practices, such as the European practice of bloodletting, which lasted long after the medical theories on which it was based had faded from use and been replaced by more modern techniques. Critics argued that he identified the term but provided an insufficient reason as to why survivals continue. Tylor’s meme-like concept of survivals explains the characteristics of a culture that are linked to earlier stages of human culture.

Studying survivals assists ethnographers in reconstructing earlier cultural characteristics and possibly reconstructing the evolution of culture. Tylor argued that people had used religion to explain things that occurred in the world. He saw that it was important for religions to have the ability to explain why and for what reason things occurred in the world. For example, God (or the divine) gave us sun to keep us warm and give us light. Tylor argued that animism is the true natural religion that is the essence of religion; it answers the questions of which religion came first and which religion is essentially the most basic and foundation of all religions. For him, animism was the best answer to these questions, so it must be the true foundation of all religions. Animism is described as the belief in spirits inhabiting and animating beings, or souls existing in things. To Tylor, the fact that modern religious practitioners continued to believe in spirits showed that these people were no more advanced than primitive societies. For him, this implied that modern religious practitioners do not understand the ways of the universe and how life truly works because they have excluded science from their understanding of the world. By excluding scientific explanation in their understanding of why and how things occur, he asserts modern religious practitioners are rudimentary. Tylor perceived the modern religious belief in God as a “survival” of primitive ignorance. He claimed the contemporary belief in God to be a survival, because science could explain the phenomena previously justified by religion.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Burnett_Tylor .

Louisa Charlotte Hamilton Tyndall was the wife of John Tyndall (1820-1893). They married in 1876 when she was 30 and he was 55. She was the daughter of Lord Claud Hamilton, a Conservative Member of Parliament for County Tyrone from 1835-1837 and 1839-1874.

(from Wikipedia entry)

John Tyndall FRS (2 August 1820 - 4 December 1893) was a prominent 19th century physicist. His initial scientific fame arose in the 1850s from his study of diamagnetism. Later he made discoveries in the realms of infrared radiation and the physical properties of air. Tyndall also published more than a dozen science books which brought state-of-the-art 19th century experimental physics to a wide audience. From 1853 to 1887 he was professor of physics at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in London. Tyndall was born in Leighlinbridge, County Carlow, Ireland. His father was a local police constable, descended from Gloucestershire emigrants who settled in southeast Ireland around 1670. Tyndall attended the local schools in County Carlow until his late teens, and was probably an assistant teacher near the end of his time there. Subjects learned at school notably included technical drawing and mathematics with some applications of those subjects to land surveying. He was hired as a draftsman by the government's land surveying & mapping agency in Ireland in his late teens in 1839, and moved to work for the same agency in England in 1842. In the decade of the 1840s, a railroad-building boom was in progress, and Tyndall's land surveying experience was valuable and in demand by the railway companies. Between 1844 and 1847, he was lucratively employed in railway construction planning. In 1847 Tyndall opted to become a mathematics and surveying teacher at a boarding school in Hampshire. Recalling this decision later, he wrote: "the desire to grow intellectually did not forsake me; and, when railway work slackened, I accepted in 1847 a post as master in Queenwood College." Another recently arrived young teacher at Queenwood was Edward Frankland, who had previously worked as a chemical laboratory assistant for the British Geological Survey. Frankland and Tyndall became good friends. On the strength of Frankland's prior knowledge, they decided to go to Germany to further their education in science. Among other things, Frankland knew that certain German universities were ahead of any in Britain in experimental chemistry and physics. (British universities were still focused on classics and mathematics and not laboratory science.) The pair moved to Germany in summer 1848 and enrolled at the University of Marburg, where Robert Bunsen was an influential teacher. Tyndall studied under Bunsen for two years. Perhaps more influential for Tyndall at Marburg was Professor Hermann Knoblauch, with whom Tyndall maintained communications by letter for many years afterwards. Tyndall's Marburg dissertation was a mathematical analysis of screw surfaces in 1850 (under Friedrich Ludwig Stegmann). He stayed at Marburg for a further year doing research on magnetism with Knoblauch, including some months' visit at the Berlin laboratory of Knoblauch's main teacher, Heinrich Gustav Magnus. It is clear today that Bunsen and Magnus were among the very best experimental science instructors of the era. Thus, when Tyndall returned to live in England in summer 1851, he probably had as good an education in experimental science as anyone in England.

Tyndall's early original work in physics was his experiments on magnetism and diamagnetic polarity, on which he worked from 1850 to 1856. His two most influential reports were the first two, co-authored with Knoblauch. One of them was entitled "The magneto-optic properties of crystals, and the relation of magnetism and diamagnetism to molecular arrangement", dated May 1850. The two described an inspired experiment, with an inspired interpretation. These and other magnetic investigations very soon made Tyndall known among the leading scientists of the day. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1852. In his search for a suitable research appointment, he was able to ask the longtime editor of the leading German physics journal (Poggendorff) and other prominent men to write testimonials on his behalf. In 1853, he attained the prestigious appointment of Professor of Natural Philosophy (Physics) at the Royal Institution in London, due in no small part to the esteem his work had garnered from Michael Faraday, the leader of magnetic investigations at the Royal Institution. About a decade later Tyndall was appointed the successor to the positions held by Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution on Faraday's retirement. Tyndall did not marry until age 55. His bride, Louisa Hamilton, was the 30-year-old daughter of a member of parliament (Lord Claud Hamilton, M.P.). The following year, 1877, they built a summer chalet in the Swiss Alps. Before getting married Tyndall had been living for many years in an upstairs apartment at the Royal Institution and continued living there after marriage until 1885 when a move was made to a house near Haslemere 45 miles southwest of London. The marriage was a happy one and without children. He retired from the Royal Institution at age 66 having complaints of ill health.

Tyndall became financially well-off from sales of his popular books and fees from his lectures (but there is no evidence that he owned commercial patents). For many years he got non-trivial payments for being a part-time scientific advisor to a couple of quasi-governmental agencies and partly donated the payments to charity. His successful lecture tour of the United States in 1872 netted him a substantial amount of dollars, all of which he promptly donated to a trustee for fostering science in America. Late in life his money donations went most visibly to the Irish Unionist political cause. When he died, his wealth was £22122. For comparison's sake, the income of a police constable in London was about £80 per year at the time.

In his last years Tyndall often took chloral hydrate to treat his insomnia. When bedridden and ailing, he died from an accidental overdose of this drug at age 73, and was buried at Haslemere. Afterwards, Tyndall's wife took possession of his papers and assigned herself as supervisor of an official biography of him. She dragged her feet on the project, however, and it was still unfinished when she died in 1940 aged 95. The book eventually appeared in 1945, written by A. S. Eve and C. H. Creasey, whom Louisa Tyndall had authorized shortly before her death.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyndall .

Janice Tyrwhitt (1928- ), author and editor, was born and educated in Canada, receiving the Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Toronto (1950). She worked as fiction editor and staff writer at Maclean's magazine (1950-1958), as an editor at Macmillan (1958-1960), and as writer and senior editor at Reader's digest (1974-1992). She was an editor for the Royal Commission on the Status of Woman (1970), a researcher on the television series "The Pierre Berton show" for two seasons, and sold freelance articles to Maclean's, Saturday night, The Star weekly, and other publications. She researched and wrote the text for "Bartlett's Canada," "The mill," and other books. She was Perre Berton's editor for style and substance from 1976 until his death in 2004.

“Ian Dawson Tyson was a Canadian singer-songwriter who wrote several folk songs, including "Four Strong Winds" and "Someday Soon", and performed with partner Sylvia Tyson as the duo Ian & Sylvia. [...] The pair became a full-time musical act in 1961 and married three years later. In 1969, they formed and fronted the group The Great Speckled Bird. [...] From 1970 to 1975, Tyson hosted a national television program, The Ian Tyson Show, on CTV, known as Nashville North in its first season. Sylvia Tyson and the Great Speckled Bird appeared often on the series. [...] In 1989, Tyson was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame. [...] Sylvia joined Ian to sing their signature song, "Four Strong Winds", at the 50th anniversary of the Mariposa Folk Festival on 11 July 2010, in Orillia, Ontario.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Tyson

“Sylvia Tyson, CM is a Canadian musician, performer, singer-songwriter and broadcaster. She is best known as part of the folk duo Ian and Sylvia, with Ian Tyson. Since 1993, she has been a member of the all-female folk group Quartette. [...] The Canadian Music Hall of Fame inducted Ian & Sylvia as a duo in 1992. In 2003, Sylvia Tyson was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia_Tyson

“Union Duke is two fifths country, two fifths city, and one fifth whiskey. They have been described as a raucous collision of alt-rock and twang, bringing crowds to their feet with songs from the heart. Soaring harmonies, driving rhythm, and an infectious enthusiasm have seen these five guys from youth to young manhood and helped carve out a space for themselves in the annals of Canadiana.”

The United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America was established in 1936, with the first Canadian local in Toronto created the following year. The union, long considered on the left-wing of Canadian labour unions, was dismissed from the Canadian Congress of Labour in 1949 for suspected Communist ties and it was not until 1973 that the union was re-admitted to the Canadian Labour Congress. The UE had forty-seven locals in Canada (1993) including locals in Toronto, Guelph, Peterborough and Montreal. In that year decreasing membership lead to an affiliation with the Canadian Auto Workers.

The University Women's Club of North York received its charter as the first suburban club and 70th member of the Canadian Federation of University Women in October 1951. The impetus for the establishment of this club came from Grace Morgan in conversation with some of her apartment building neighbours. These initial discussions led to an organizational meeting attended by Morgan and nine others at her home on October 18. The inaugural meeting, attended by 20 graduates, was held on October 31 and officers were elected including Margaret Wright as the first President and Morgan as Honourary President. In a short time, membership was up to 53 and this increased to 400 by 1976. The UWCNY offers a variety of opportunities for the intellectual enrichment of its members through general meetings, lectures, study and interest groups in areas such as money management, current events, art appreciation and book studies. Since 1954, through its scholarship fund, the club provides bursaries and awards to local area female students attending post-secondary institutions.

Priscila Uppal was born in Ottawa in 1974. She is a poet, novelist and Professor of Creative Writing at York University. She completed a double honours B.A. in English and Creative Writing and a Ph.D in English Literature at York University in 1997 and 2002, respectively, and an M.A. in English from the University of Toronto in 1998. She has published nine collections of poetry including 'Ontological Necessities' (2006), 'Traumatology' (2010) and 'Successful Tragedies: Poems 1998-2010' (2010). Her work has appeared in national and international magazines. Her first novel 'The Divine Economy of Salvation' and the anthology 'Uncommon Ground : A Celebration of Matt Cohen' which she co-edited with Graeme Gibson, Dennis Lee and Wayne Grady, were both published in 2002. Uppal's second novel 'To Whom it May Concern' was published in 2009. She is also the editor of 'The Exile Book of Poetry in Translation: Twenty Canadian Poets Take on the World' (2009), 'The Exile Book of Canadian Sports Stories' (2010), and The Best Canadian Poetry in English' (2011). Her works have been published internationally.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Allen Upward (1863 - 12 November 1926) was a poet, lawyer, politician and teacher. His work was included in the first anthology of Imagist poetry, Des Imagistes, which was edited by Ezra Pound and published in 1914.

Upward was brought up as a member of the Plymouth Brethren and trained as a lawyer at the Royal University of Dublin (now University College Dublin). While living in Dublin, he wrote a pamphlet in favour of Irish Home Rule.

Upward later worked for the British Foreign Office in Kenya as a judge. Back in Britain, he defended Havelock Wilson and other labour leaders and ran for election as a Lib/Lab candidate in the 1890s.

He wrote two books of poetry, Songs of Ziklag (1888) and Scented Leaves from a Chinese Jar. He also published a translation Sayings of Confucious and a volume of autobiography, Some Personalities (1921).

Upward wrote a number of now-forgotten novels: The Prince of Balkistan (1895), A Crown of Straw (1896), A Bride's Madness (1897), The Accused Princess (1900) (source: Duncan, p. xii), "''The International Spy: Being a Secret History of the Russo-Japanese War" (1905), and Athelstane Ford.

His 1913 book "The Divine Mystery" is an anthropological study of Christian mythology.

In 1908, Upward self-published a book (originally written in 1901) which he apparently thought would be Nobel Prize material: The New Word. This book is today known as the first citation of the word "Scientology", although it is used in the book in a disparaging way to describe "science elevated to unquestioning doctrine". It is unknown whether L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of the Scientology-organization, knew of this book.

In 1917 the British Museum refused to take Upwards' manuscripts, "on the grounds that the writer was still alive," and Upward burned them.

He shot himself in November 1926. Ezra Pound would a decade later satirically remark that this was due to his disappointment after hearing of George Bernard Shaw's Nobel Prize award which Shaw won in 1925.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Upward .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Giovanni Vailati (24 April 1863 - 14 May 1909) was an Italian proto-analytic philosopher,historian of science, and mathematician. Vailati was born in Crema, Lombardy, and studied engineering at the University of Turin. He went on to lecture in the history of mechanics there from 1896 to 1899, after working as assistant to Giuseppe Peano and Vito Volterra. He resigned his university post in 1899 so that he could pursue his independent studies, making a living from high-school mathematics teaching. During his lifetime he became internationally known, his writings having been translated into English, French, and Polish, though he was largely forgotten after his death in Rome. He was rediscovered in the late 1950s. He did not publish any complete books, but left about 200 essays and reviews across a range of academic disciplines. Vailati's view of philosophy was that it provided a preparation and the tools for scientific work. For that reason, and because philosophy should be neutral between rival beliefs, conceptions, theoretical structures, etc., the philosopher should avoid the use of special technical language, but should use the language that she finds used in those areas in which she is interested. That is not to say that the philosopher should merely accept whatever she finds; an ordinary-language term may be problematic, but its deficiencies should be corrected rather than replacing it with some new technical term.

His view of truth and meaning was influenced by philosophers such as C.S. Peirce and Ernst Mach. He carefully distinguished between meaning and truth: "the question of determining what we mean when we propound a given proposition is entirely different from the question of deciding whether it is true or false. Nevertheless, having decided what is meant, the work of deciding whether it is true or false is crucial. Vailati held a moderate positivist view, in both science and philosophy:

"it must be demanded of anybody who advances a thesis that he be capable of indicating the facts which according to him should obtain (or have obtained) if his thesis were true, and also their difference from other facts which according to him would obtain (or have obtained) if it were not true"

Vailati's influences and contacts were many and varied, belying the oversimple label often attached to him: "the Italian pragmatist". While owing much to Peirce and William James (between whose thought he was one of the first to distinguish), he also acknowledged the influence of Plato and George Berkeley (both of whom he saw as important precursors of, or influences on, pragmatism), Gottfried Leibniz, Victoria Welby-Gregory G.E. Moore, Bertrand Russell, Peano, and Franz Brentano. He corresponded with many of his contemporaries.

His early work included papers on symbolic logic, focusing on its rôle in philosophy, and distinguishing between logic and psychology and epistemology. Vailata's main historical interests concerned mechanics, logic, and geometry, and he was an important contributor to a number of areas, including the study of post-Aristotelian Greek mechanics, of Galileo's predecessors, of the notion and rôle of definition in the work of Plato and Euclid, of mathematical influences on logic and epistemology, and of the non-Euclidean geometry of Gerolamo Saccheri. He was particularly interested in the ways in which what might be seen as the same problems are addressed and dealt with at different times.

His historical work was interrelated with his philosophical work, involving the same fundamental views and methodology. Vailati saw the two as differing in approach rather than subject matter, and believed that there should be co-operation between philosophers and scientists in the pursuit of historical studies. He also held that a complete history demanded that one take into account the relevant social background.

The superseding of scientific theories and other results doesn't involve their destruction, for their importance is increased by their being superseded: "Every error shows us a rock to be avoided, while not every discovery shows us a path to be followed.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Vailati .

Vincent Vaitiekunas(-2006) is a film maker and professor. Born in Lithuania, he studied architecture and opera in Germany after World War II. He immigrated to Canada in 1947, studied at the Ontario College of Art and graduated from Sterndale Bennett's Canadian Theatre School in 1953. In the following years he designed stage sets for theatre companies in Toronto and under the stage name of Vincent Edward he acted in Canadian and British feature films. In 1956, Vaitiekunas became an award-winning professional filmmaker including stints as a film director, editor, screenwriter and producer for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation in Toronto, Crawley Films in Ottawa and Toronto, National Film Board in Montreal and Toronto and many other independent Canadian and American film production companies. He has garnered many awards for his work including Silver and Bronze medals at the New York International Film Festival, the Certificate of Merit at Filmex, Etrogs at Canadian Film Awards, and the Diploma of Merit at the Edinburgh International Film Festival ("Explore Expo 67", 1967) He was also chosen to represent Canada's best documentary work in the Salute to Documentary retrospective in Montreal with his film, "Strike". He was appointed a Resident Artist in Film at Simon Fraser University from 1972-1974 and in 1974 he became an Associate Professor in the Department of Film and Video, York University. In 1982, Vaitiekunas received the OCUFA Teaching Award given by the Ontario Council of University Faculty Associations. He retired in 1993 but continued teaching part-time until 1999 and has been was named Professor Emeritus of the Department of Film and Video at York.

"Paul Valdemar Horsdal, CM (born 1 September 1945[1]), commonly known as Valdy, is a Canadian folk and country musician whose solo career began in the early 1970s. He is known for "Rock and Roll Song", his first mainstream single. Valdy is the winner of two Juno Awards for Folk Singer of the Year and Folk Entertainer of the Year, and has received seven additional Juno nominations. His fourteen albums, including four which are certified gold, have achieved sales of nearly half a million copies." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdy

(from Wikipedia entry)

Frederik Willem van Eeden (3 April 1860, Haarlem – 16 June 1932, Bussum) was a late 19th-century and early 20th-century Dutch writer and psychiatrist. He was a leading member of the Tachtigers, and had top billing among the editors of De Nieuwe Gids (The New Guide) during its celebrated first few years of publication, starting in 1885. Van Eeden was the son of the director of the Royal Tropical Institute in Haarlem. In 1880 he studied English at Leiden University where he pursued a bohemian lifestyle and wrote poetry. Whilst living in the city, he coined the term Lucid dream in the sense of mental clarity, a term that nowadays is a classic term in Dream literature and study. In his early writings, he was strongly influenced by Hindu ideas of selfhood, by Boehme's mysticism, and by Fechner's panpsychism.

He went on to become a prolific writer, producing many critically acclaimed novels, poetry, plays, and essays. He was widely admired in the Netherlands in his own time for his writings, as well as his status as the first internationally prominent Dutch psychiatrist.

Van Eeden's psychiatrist practice included treating his fellow Tachtiger Willem Kloos as a patient starting in 1888. His treatment of Kloos was of limited benefit, as Kloos deteriorated into alcoholism and increasing symptoms of mental illness. Van Eeden also incorporated his psychiatric insights into his later writings, such as in a deeply psychological novel called "Van de koele meren des doods" (translated in English as "The Deeps of Deliverance"). Published in 1900, the novel intimately traced the struggle of a woman addicted to morphine as she deteriorated physically and mentally.

His best known written work, "De Kleine Johannes" ("Little Johannes"), which first appeared in the premiere issue of De Nieuwe Gids, was a fantastical adventure of an everyman who grows up to face the harsh realities of the world around him and the emptiness of hopes for a better afterlife, but ultimately finding meaning in serving the good of those around him. This ethic is memorialized in the line "Waar de mensheid is, en haar weedom, daar is mijn weg." ("Where mankind is, and her woe, there is my path.")

Van Eeden sought not only to write about, but also to practice, such an ethic. He established a commune named Walden, taking inspiration from Thoreau's book Walden, in Bussum, North Holland, where the residents tried to produce as much of their needs as they could themselves and to share everything in common, and where he took up a standard of living far below what he was used to. This reflected a trend toward socialism among the Tachtigers; another Tachtiger, Herman Gorter, was a founding member of the world's first Communist political party, the Dutch Social-Democratic Party, in 1909.

Van Eeden visited the U.S. He had contacts with William James and other psychologists. He met Freud in Vienna, whom he practically introduced in the Netherlands. He corresponded with Hermann Hesse and was a friend of the in London (UK) living Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin.

Van Eeden also had a keen interest in Indian philosophy. He translated Tagore’s Gitanjali.

In late years of his life, Van Eeden became a Roman Catholic.

Victoria Welby in a letter to Prof. Patrick Geddes describes him as "A poet, a scholar, a philosopher, a psychologist: but above all a practical socialist, in a good, even if in somewhat utopian sense. He has turned his Dutch estate into a Labour Colony...His new book is to be called "Happy Humanity", and I said that it was a mean word."

For more information, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_van_Eeden .

Gerertuida Woutrina Everts (Truida) was a classical singer who went to live on the utopian colony Walden in 1900.
She began a relationship with the colony's founder psychiatrist Dr. Frederick Van Eeden in 1901 but the couple did not marry until 21 August 1907, after he had divorced his first wife Martha Van Volten. The couple had a son Hugo in 1909 and another son Evert in 1910. Truida died in 1952.

Born 18 February 1856 in Deventer, Netherlands., Martha van Vloten was the daughter of polymath, theologian, scientist, philosopher and free thinker Johannes von Vloten (18 January 1818 - 21 September 1883) and his wife Elisabeth van Gennep.
She had two sisters Betsy and Kitty. and four brothers: William, Frank, Odo and Gerlof.
Betsy married painter Willem Witsen and later ethnomusiologist Johann Sebastian Brandts Buys. Kitty married the poet Albert Verwey.
The Van Vloten daughers were brought up in a free thinking household where women's education was encouraged. All three daughters attended the School for Girls in Haarlem.
Martha was a translator of Hans Christian Andersen's work.
She married the psychiatrist and utopian Frederick van Eeden on 15 April 1886. Together they had two sons, Hans and Paul.
The couple divorced 29 July 1907.
Martha Van Vloten died 10 June 1943.

For more information, see: https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_van_Vloten and https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_van_Eeden_(schrijver).

“Jan Vanderhorst is the host of "Just Us Folk", a show devoted to acoustic roots music including contemporary and traditional folk, singer-songwriters, acoustic blues and bluegrass music. Jan showcases new and established performers in the world of folk music. Throughout the year Jan travels to folk festivals near and far to interview performers and discuss their craft. Jan has been a stage MC at many festivals and a judge for both the Canadian Folk Music Awards and the Junos Awards. Jan has also served on the Board of Directors of the Ontario Council of Folk Festivals. Just Us Folk has been on the air in Brantford since 1981, currently on AM 1380. Just Us Folk also airs on 100.7 The Breeze in Winnipeg.” https://www.folkmusicontario.ca/membership/member-profile/jan-vanderhorst/

The College Council, highest legislative body in the College, is made up of students and Fellows elected by their peers. The Council is an advisory body to the Master, with responsibility for an annual budget that is made up of student levies and grants from the College budget. It has responsibility to regulate the common rooms of the College and the games room. The College Council has oversight of the College pub (the 'Open End' ), social activities, the College literary publication ('Existere' ), the College newspaper ('Vandoo '), and inter-college athletics. The Council has an executive of a Chair, treasurer, and secretary, as well as committees nominated by the Council.

The Residence Council is the main advisory body to the Master on matters concerning the Vanier residences. It has the power to make rules for the effective operation of the residences, subject to the approval of the Master. The Council is composed of eleven students elected to represent each of the floors in residence, along with five representatives chosen by the Council of Dons and Assistant Dons, the Residence Tutor and an ex-officio recording secretary.

Vanier College was established in 1966-1967 as a residential and teaching College. Like the other colleges on campus it is affiliated with a Faculty, in Vanier 's case, the Faculty of Arts, specifically the Humanities Division which is housed there, along with the departments/programmes of Classics, Creative Writing, Religious Studies and Social and Political Thought.
Vanier is headed by a Master with the legislative College Council, Fellows, the Senior Tutor and Residence Dons. The College is home to the 'Vandoo ' [student newspaper], the literary publication, 'Existere', the Vanier College Productions, the Open End pub, and houses several departmental student associations (Psychology, Classics, Education, etc.).

Moyez G. Vassanji (1950- ), author and nuclear physicist, was born in Nairobi, Kenya and raised in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. He began his studies at the University of Nairobi but left in 1970 to attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Vassanji later completed a Ph.D. in nuclear physics at the University of Pennsylvania. He immigrated to Canada in 1978 to work at the Chalk River atomic power station in Ontario. Vassanji moved to Toronto in 1980 to work at the University of Toronto as a research associate and lecturer, and soon began writing fiction. He edited "A Meeting of Streams : South Asian Canadian Literature" in 1985. His first novel, "The Gunny Sack," was published in 1989, and was awarded the 1990 Commonwealth Writers' Prize for best first novel (Africa). That year, he and his wife, Nurjehan Aziz, founded "The Toronto South Asian Review," a journal devoted to South Asian Canadian writers. It was renamed "The Toronto Review of Contemporary Writing Abroad" in 1993 to reflect the wider community of immigrant writers in Canada. Vassanji gave up his work as a nuclear physicist in 1989 to turn his full attention to writing. He is the author of several novels: "No New Land" (1990), "The Book of Secrets" (1993), "Amriika" (2000), "The In-between World of Vikram Lall" (2003), "The Assassin's Song" (2007), "The Magic of Saida" (2012), “Nostalgia” (2016), “A Delhi Obsession” (2019), and “Everything There Is" (2023). He is also the author of three collections of short stories - "Uhuru Street" (1990), "When She Was Queen" (2005), and “What We Are” (2021) - as well as two memoirs, "A Place Within: Rediscovering India" (2008), “And Home Was Kariakoo: A Memoir of East Africa” (2014), and a biography of Mordecai Richler published by Penguin Canada in 2009 as part of its Exceptional Canadians Series. He is the first repeat winner of the Scotiabank Giller Prize, winning in its inaugural year for "The Book of Secrets" and later for "The In-between World of Vikram Lall," and was shortlisted for the prize for "The Assassin's Song." Vassanji was made a Member of the Order of Canada in October 2004 for his contributions to writing and the arts, and an honorary Doctor of Letters by York University in June 2005. "The In-between World of M.G. Vassanji," a television documentary about his life, was first broadcast in 2006.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Bernard Vaughan (1847-1922) was an English Roman Catholic clergyman, brother of Herbert and John Stephen Vaughan. He was born at Herefordshire. He was educated at Stonyhurst, and became a member of the Society of Jesus. His uncle was also a Jesuit, Richard Vaughan SJ, who went on design Sacred Heart Church in Edinburgh.

Author of "The Sins of Society" (1906),"Society, Sin, and the Saviour" (1907),"Socialism" (1910),"The Our Father, Our Country's Need Today"(1911),"Socialism from the Christian Standpoint" (1913), and "What of Today?" (1914).

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Vaughan

(from Wikipedia entry)

John Venn FRS (4 August 1834 - 4 April 1923), was a British logician and philosopher. He is famous for introducing the Venn diagram, which is used in many fields, including set theory, probability, logic, statistics, and computer science. John Venn was born on 4 August 1834 in Kingston Upon Hull, Yorkshire to Martha Sykes and Rev. Henry Venn, who was the rector of parish of Drypool. His mother died when he was three years old. Venn descended from a long line of church evangelicals, including his grandfather John Venn. He would follow his family lineage and become an Anglican priest, ordained in 1859, serving first at the church in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, and later in Mortlake, Surrey.

He was educated by private tutors until 1853 where he went to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. In 1857, he got his degree in mathematics and became a fellow. In 1862, he returned to Cambridge University as a lecturer in moral science, studying and teaching logic and probability theory.

In 1868, he married Susanna Carnegie Edmonstone with whom he had one son, John Archibald Venn.

In 1883, he resigned from the clergy having concluded that Anglicanism was incompatible with his philosophical beliefs. In the same year, Venn was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and in the same year was awarded a Sc.D. by Cambridge.

He died on 4 April 1923. His death is unspecified.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Venn .

Yvonne Vera (1964-2005) was born in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. A prominent African writer of English fiction, Vera published five novels and a collection of short stories during her short career. Her award-winning works have been translated into several languages. Vera graduated from Hillside Teacher's College in 1984, and taught English literature at Njube High School. In 1987, she immigrated to Canada and married John Jose, a Canadian teacher whom she had met while he was teaching at Njube.

Vera attended York University in Toronto, Canada, completing an Hons. BA (English) in 1990, an MA (English) in 1991, and a PhD (English) in 1995. While working on her PhD she taught literature courses at York and a summer creative writing course at Trent University in 1995. Vera’s career as a fiction writer began in earnest while she was still a student at York: she wrote a collection of short stories, entitled “Why Don't You Carve Other Animals?”, as well as the novels “Nehanda” (shortlisted for the Commonwealth Writer's Prize), “Without a Name” and “Under the Tongue.” Her novel “Butterfly Burning” was awarded the German Literature Prize and chosen as one of Africa's 100 Best Books of the 20th Century, both in 2002. “The Stone Virgins” was published in 2002, and was awarded the MacMillan Writers' Prize for Africa. She also edited “Opening Spaces: An Anthology of Contemporary Writing by African Women.” Vera was a keynote speaker and participant at numerous national and international literary festivals.

In the late 1980s Vera was diagnosed HIV­-positive, but did not disclose this publicly during her lifetime. Jose and Vera separated in 1995, and she moved back to Zimbabwe. In 1997, Vera became director of the National Gallery of Zimbabwe in Bulawayo. She returned to Canada in 2004, accompanied by Jose, to seek treatment for her worsening condition. She continued to work on her novel “Obedience” during this time, and was awarded the Swedish PEN Tucholsky Prize in 2004. Vera passed away at Sunnybrook Hospital in Toronto on April 7, 2005.

Ericah Gwetai published her daughter's biography, “Petal Thoughts,” in 2008 with Mambo Press in Zimbabwe. “Obedience,” the novel Yvonne Vera was working on at the time of her death, remains unpublished.

April Verch, born 7 April 1978 in the Ottawa Vallery in northeastern Ontario, "with two decades leading her own band and with 14 albums in her name [two nominated for JUNO awards]", she is "best known for her deep expertise in the distinctive Ottawa Valley fiddle and step dancing styles. [.. She also performs] regional Canadian roots, American old-time, 50’s country, and Scandinavian folk music [...]. Verch got her first taste of career musicianship touring with established acts like Canadian country music legend Tommy Hunter and Celtic pop band Mad Pudding as a backing fiddler. But her dream was always to form her own band, representing the Ottawa Valley and the sounds of home. In 2000, she first began touring under her own name, the April Verch Band."  http://aprilverch.com/about-april/

Douglas V. Verney was born in Liverpool, England in 1924. He obtained his B.A. in 1948, his M.A. in 1949 at Oxon and subsequently graduated from the University of Liverpool with a Ph.D. in 1954. He was a professor at Atkinson College, York University from 1961. Professor Verney began his academic career as a lecturer in Helsinki, Finland in 1948. The following year he was an assistant lecturer at the university of Liver pool and subsequently became a full lecturer from 1951 to 1961. In 1961 he became an Associate Professor and was also acting Dean at Atkinson College, York University. He became a Full Professor and, in 1962, Chairman of the department of Political Science at York University, a position he held until 1967. Professor Verney has published numerous articles and conference papers, as well as six books: 'Parliamentary reform in Sweden 1866-1921'(1957), 'Public enterprise in Sweden' (1959), 'The analysis of political systems' (1959), 'Political patterns in today's world' (1968), 'British government and politics: life without a declaration of independence' (1976), 'Three civilizations, two cultures, one state: Canada's political traditions' (1986).

“Tim Vesely is a Canadian musician and songwriter. He is best known as a founding member of the indie rock band Rheostatics, in which he shared vocal duties with bandmates Dave Bidini and Martin Tielli.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Vesely

Ernesto Vinci (1898-1983), teacher and singer, was born in Gnesen, Prussia (now a part of Poland) as Ernst Wreszynski. Raised as a Reform Jew by father Adolf Wreszynski and mother, Anna Kalinski, he used the surname Wygram professionally during his time in Germany and in Milan, Italy. The evidence is that the surname Vinci was adopted as a professional name in Italy and was used to distinguish his singing persona from his medical career in North America. It is doubtful that he used the names Vinci or Wygram to disguise a Jewish background, since all early correspondence and documents, including immigration records, bear his given name. However, his son was unaware of his Jewish heritage until 1999. Vinci was educated in Berlin (medical degree, 1924) and in Milan (second medical degree, 1933). He began voice training as a medical student and by 1936 was employed as a professional baritone in Italy and Switzerland. In 1939 he emigrated to Canada and took a position with the Halifax Ladies College and Conservatory of Music. In 1945 he joined the Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, and the Royal Conservatory of Music, later adding the Banff School of Fine Arts to his teaching schedule. In his capacity as a voice teacher, Vinci trained some of the best-known singers in Canadian opera (Portia White, Joan Maxwell, Andrew MacMillan, Patricia Rideout). He introduced opera to Alberta and Nova Scotia and he was responsible for programming opera for servicemen during World War II. He retired from the University of Toronto and the Royal Conservatory in 1979 and moved to Shediac, New Brunswick. He died in Moncton in November, 1983.

"Suzie Vinnick is a Canadian roots and blues singer-songwriter. She performs as a solo artist and contributes to variety of band projects, including The Marigolds (with Gwen Swick and Caitlin Hanford), Vinnick Sheppard Harte (with Kim Sheppard and Elana Harte), Betty and the Bobs and as a duo with Rick Fines. Originally from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Vinnick is currently based in Toronto, Ontario. Her music has appeared in commercials for Tim Hortons, Interac, Ontario Foodland, Tetley's Tea and Shoppers Drug Mart, as well as the soundtracks for MVP: The Secret Lives of Hockey Wives, ReGenesis and the film A Touch of Grey." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzie_Vinnick

Herman Arthur Voaden (1903-1991) was a teacher, playwright, director, editor, and arts activist. Herman Voaden was born in London, Ontario in 1903. He graduated from Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, with a B.A. (Honours) in 1923 and an M.A. in 1926. He also later pursued post-graduate studies at the University of Chicago and at Yale University. Voaden taught high school in Ottawa, Windsor, and Sarnia. Then, in 1928, he became head of the Department of English at the Toronto Central High School of Commerce. He remained in this position until his retirement in 1964. Voaden also served as Director of the Modern Drama Course at the University of Toronto in 1929 and as the Director of the Summer Course Drama and Play Production at Queen's University from 1934 to 1936. During the 1920's and 1930's, Voaden was recognized as an innovative playwright, director and editor. In 1934, he established the Play Workshop, the leading Canadian experimental theatre company of the 1930's. He also wrote seven major plays: Rocks, Earth Song, Hill-Land, Murder Pattern, Ascend As the Sun, Emily Carr and Marie Chapdelaine. Further, Voaden edited a dozen play anthologies and studies, beginning in 1930 with Six Canadian Plays. In addition to play writing and producing, he held several key administrative positions in Canadian arts organizations. He served as the first President of the Canadian Arts Council, 1945-1948; as a member of the Canadian Delegation to the First General Assembly of UNESCO in Paris, 1946; as the National Director of the Canadian Conference of the Arts, 1966-1968; and as the President of the Canadian Guild of Crafts, 1968-1970. He also ran on behalf of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation in three federal elections and one by-election from 1945 to 1954. For his contribution to Canadian theatre and culture, Voaden received numerous honors: the English Centennial Award in 1965; the Queen's Jubilee Medal in 1977; an Honorary Life Membership in the Association for Canadian Theatre History in 1980; the Theatre Ontario Maggie Bassett Award in 1987; and a Diplome d'honneur from the Canadian Conference of the Arts in 1989. Further, Voaden was made a Fellow in the Royal Society of Arts in 1970 and a Member of the Order of Canada in 1974. He also received an honorary doctorate from Saint Mary's University, Halifax, in 1988. Herman Voaden was married to Violet Kilpatrick from 1935 until her death in 1984. Herman Voaden died in Toronto in 1991.

Gordon [A.] Vogt was born on 17 September 1947 and educated at Queen's University where he received an M.A. in English in 1973. Vogt became intrested in theatre while at Queen's and remained active in local theatre in Kingston upon his graduation. In 1977, he began work as a freelance journalist for CBC radio and later became a theatre critic for the CBC arts program "Stereo Morning". Vogt subsequently sang as a vocalist with the Rainbow Gardens Jazz Orchestra. He died on 10 July 1985. Throughout his life, he remained interested in the life and work of Bing Crosby and was an avid collector of Crosby memorabilia.

Zdenka Volavka, art professor and research associate at the Royal Ontario Museum, was born in Czechoslovakia and received her PhD from Charles University, Prague. She immigrated to Canada in 1968, and was Professor in the Department of Visual Arts, York University. Her research focused on analyzing the social context of visual art, material culture, history, and ethnography of west-central Africa. Her approach to studying African art combined extensive fieldwork with ethnographic, historical, scientific and linguistic analysis. Zdenka also studied the role of copper in the lives of the peoples of the lower Zaïre basin.

Her life's work was inspired by a trip in 1976 to the Musee de l'Homme in Paris, where she recognized the regalia of Ngoyo kinship labelled (for more than forty years) as a fishing basket. This was particularly important as no permanent regalia from any kingdoms in the whole of Central African have been recovered and only one set had ever even been seen by a foreign researcher. This research was published posthumously in "The Crown and the Ritual: The Royal Insignia of Ngoyo".

At York University, a research fellowship is honoured in her name to assist students engaged in field-based art historical research, which may include comparative study through collections as well as field activities, focusing on the art of the indigenous peoples of Africa and/or North America.

She is survived by her husband, Larry Landa, and son, Robert Landa.

"Florent Vollant (born August 10, 1959 in Labrador) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. An Innu from Maliotenam, Quebec, he was half of the popular folk music duo Kashtin, one of the most significant musical groups in First Nations history. He has subsequently released four solo albums." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florent_Vollant

Yvan Vollé is a "musician, animator, song-writer, and poet". Vollé plays the guitar, ukulele, harmonica, and piano. Mariposa Festival Program, 2011, p. 55

“Leif Vollebekk is a Canadian indie folk singer-songwriter, whose 2017 album Twin Solitude was a shortlisted finalist for the 2017 Polaris Music Prize and the 2018 Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leif_Vollebekk

(from Wikipedia entry)

Charles Voysey (1828–1912) was a priest of the Church of England who was condemned by the Privy Council for heterodoxy and went on to found a Theist Church.

Voysey was sacked from a curacy of St Mark's, Whitechapel, having denied the doctrine of eternal punishment. He later became vicar of Healaugh near Tadcaster, Yorkshire, but soon ran into difficulties there. He was prosecuted by William Thomson, Archbishop of York, starting in 1869. He was summoned before the Chancery Court of the diocese of York for heterodox teaching and deprived of his living. He appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council which gave its judgement in 1871:

The Appellant is charged with having offended against the Laws Ecclesiastical by writing and publishing within the diocese of London certain sermons or essays, collected together in parts and volumes, the whole being designated by the title of "The Sling and the Stone," in which he is alleged to have maintained and promulgated doctrines contrary and repugnant to or inconsistent with the Articles of Religion and Formularies of the Church of England.

His appeal dismissed, Voysey lost his benefice. Moving to London, Voysey began holding services in St George's Hall, Langham Place, and founded the Theistic Church in Swallow Street, Piccadilly. He continued to preach and teach up to his death. He befriended Guy Aldred, the "Boy Preacher" in Holloway, in 1903.
For more information, see Wikipedia entry at:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Voysey_%28theist%29 and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Voysey_(architect)