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Stephen Lyon Endicott fonds
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Series 8: Correspondence (academic), occasional papers and presentations

Series consists of records pertaining to York and external correspondence between 1973-2017 including tenure and promotion files; the 1975-1976 Senior Killam Award; the Joint Centre for Asia Pacific Affairs sponsored by the University of Toronto and York University; the ‘Sasakawa Scholarship Affair’; and a series of book reviews, mainly for Pacific Affairs. There are also letters relating to Endicott’s book publications, researched papers presented by Endicott at forums and colloquia, texts published in journals, papers and more informal notes for talks at public libraries, schools, church groups, continuing education programs, TV and radio, on topics of contemporary interest. Finally, there are a number of files from Canadian and international China friendship associations.

Series 7: Learning and teaching

Series consists of records pertaining to Endicott's personal education and as an educator. First home-schooled by his mother, Mary Austin, during his childhood in rural China, Endicott continued his education at Vaughan Road Collegiate Institute, Toronto in the 1940s, followed by a summer Bible seminar at Camp Minesing in Algonquin Park, Ontario. From 1945-1949, Endicott earned his BA in the modern history honours program at the University of Toronto, studying under C.B. Macpherson, Northrup Frye, and Frank Underhill among others. In the 1960s, Endicott went on to pursue a teaching degree at the Ontario College of Education while working as secondary school teacher with the South Peel Board of Education. He subsequently completed his MA (History) at the University of Toronto in 1966, and his PhD at the School of Oriental & African Studies at the University of London in 1973. Endicott taught in the history department of Atkinson College at York University for 22 years until his retirement, having spent two sabbaticals teaching in China at Sichuan University, in Chengdu.

Series 6: British imperialism in China

Series consists of materials used for the creation and defence of Stephen Endicott’s doctoral thesis on British imperialism in China in the 1930s. It includes interviews conducted during his two-year stay in London and extensive documentation from both governmental and business sources. These sources reveal the intense friction between a cautious Foreign Office (Sir John Simon) and a bold Exchequer (Neville Chamberlain) over what course of action should be taken in East Asia during those volatile years and the success of the large and powerful British capitalist and financial interests (Asiatic Petroleum Company [BP/Shell Oil], Imperial Chemical Industries, Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation [HSBC] et al in the China Association) in pushing a forward policy in China despite the growing displeasure of a heavily armed Japan.

Series 5: Oral history of the Korean War project

Series consists of records pertaining to a project started by Endicott, Edward Hagerman and John W. (Bill) Powell in 1978. Its purpose, among other things, was to interview surviving Western airmen from the Korean War era about their knowledge of bacteriological warfare, especially the US POWs (Prisoners of War) who had made depositions about their experience to their Chinese and North Korean captors. These records include a typescript and audio recordings of the autobiography of US Army doctor Major-General Crawford W. Sams, a copy of his classified report of a controversial, clandestine raid into North Korea, and an oral interview.

Series 4: United States biological warfare

Series consists of Endicott's research files pertaining to his Series 4: United States Biological Warfare. Records include textual material including photocopies of previously classified documents, correspondence, and photographs relating to United States biological warfare activities during the Korean war period 1950-1953. These materials collected over a twenty-five year period, beginning in 1976, are the product of research in the national archives and several military archives of the United States, Canada, the Peoples’ Republic of China, and interviews in the Democratic Peoples’ Republic of Korea, Japan and Britain. Based upon this research Endicott and his colleague Edward Hagerman, also of York University, collaborated to produce the book The United States Biological Warfare: Secrets from the Early Cold War and Korea (Indiana University Press, 1998) in which they conclude that the United States secretly engaged in large-scale field tests of biological weapons in Korea and China, committing an international war crime. The book has been translated into Korean in South Korea. At the time these records were donated, Endicott maintained that American authorities continue to deny biological warfare activities during the Korean War, and he believed the topic to be the most closely guarded Cold War secret of the United States government.

Series 3: Chinese history, village life and socialism

Series consists of Endicott’s research files pertaining to his books Red Earth: Revolution in a Sichuan Village (1988), and The Red Dragon: China 1949-1990 (1990). These files include interview transcripts, annotated photocopies of archival records, village account books (in Chinese with English translation), and interviews at the village, brigade, commune, and county levels; articles, clippings, chronologies, personality files, graphic material, pamphlets, project outlines, manuscript drafts, correspondence, conference papers, etc.

Series 2: Canadian missionaries in China

Series consists of Endicott’s detailed and extensive research files pertaining to his book James G. Endicott: Rebel Out of China (1980), as well as his work on the long-running China missionary projects of the University of Toronto-York University JCAPS and of the Canada China Program of the Canadian Council of Churches. These files include interview transcripts, annotated photocopies of archival records (consisting of correspondence, CIA and FBI security files, Canadian Peace Congress records, World Council of Peace records, Canadian government department records, etc.); articles, clippings, chronologies, personality files, graphic material, pamphlets, project outlines, manuscript drafts, correspondence, conference papers, etc.

Series 1: Canadian labour and social history

Series consists of Endicott’s detailed and extensive research files pertaining to his books Bienfait: The Saskatchewan miners’ struggle of ’31 (2002) and Raising the workers’ flag: The Workers’ Unity League of Canada, 1930-1936 (2012). These files include interview transcripts, annotated photocopies of archival records (consisting of correspondence, RCMP and CSIS security files, Communist International (Comintern) files, Canadian government department records, Communist Party of Canada records, etc.), articles, clippings, chronologies, personality files, graphic material, pamphlets, project outlines, manuscript drafts, etc.

Stephen Lyon Endicott fonds

  • F0667
  • Fonds
  • [ca. 1910]-2018

Fonds consists of Endicott's detailed and extensive research files and drafts pertaining to his books; learning and teaching files; academic correspondence; occasional papers and presentations; and other material. Files are arranged in series as defined by him prior to donation.

Endicott, Stephen Lyon

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