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Sara Woods, mystery and crime writer, is the nom de plume of Lana Bowen-Judd, born in 1922 in Bradford, Yorkshire, England and educated at Convent of Sacred Heart in Filey, Yorkshire. During the Second World War, she worked in a bank and as a solicitor's clerk in London, England. Following her marriage to Anthony George Bowen-Judd on April 25, 1946, she worked alongside her husband as a pig breeder from 1948 to 1954. In 1957, they emigrated to Halifax, Nova Scotia where Woods worked as registrar of St. Mary's University until 1964. She published her first novel, 'Bloody Instructions' in 1962, and between 1962 and 1985 wrote fifty-three mystery novels most of which were published in the United Kingdom and the United States. Only 'Call Back Yesterday' (1983) was published in Canada. In addition to publishing as Sara Woods, she also published under the names of Anne Burton, Mary Challis and Margaret Leek. She was a member of the Society of Authors (England), the Authors League of America, the Mystery Writers of America and the Crime Writers Association (England). She also helped found Crime Writers of Canada and served on its first executive committee. Her final home was Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario where she lived with her husband from 1981 until her death in 1985.

Benjamin Jowett (April 15, 1817 – October 1, 1893) was renowned as an influential tutor and administrative reformer in the University of Oxford, a theologian and translator of Plato. He was Master of Balliol College, Oxford.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Giovanni Vailati (24 April 1863 - 14 May 1909) was an Italian proto-analytic philosopher,historian of science, and mathematician. Vailati was born in Crema, Lombardy, and studied engineering at the University of Turin. He went on to lecture in the history of mechanics there from 1896 to 1899, after working as assistant to Giuseppe Peano and Vito Volterra. He resigned his university post in 1899 so that he could pursue his independent studies, making a living from high-school mathematics teaching. During his lifetime he became internationally known, his writings having been translated into English, French, and Polish, though he was largely forgotten after his death in Rome. He was rediscovered in the late 1950s. He did not publish any complete books, but left about 200 essays and reviews across a range of academic disciplines. Vailati's view of philosophy was that it provided a preparation and the tools for scientific work. For that reason, and because philosophy should be neutral between rival beliefs, conceptions, theoretical structures, etc., the philosopher should avoid the use of special technical language, but should use the language that she finds used in those areas in which she is interested. That is not to say that the philosopher should merely accept whatever she finds; an ordinary-language term may be problematic, but its deficiencies should be corrected rather than replacing it with some new technical term.

His view of truth and meaning was influenced by philosophers such as C.S. Peirce and Ernst Mach. He carefully distinguished between meaning and truth: "the question of determining what we mean when we propound a given proposition is entirely different from the question of deciding whether it is true or false. Nevertheless, having decided what is meant, the work of deciding whether it is true or false is crucial. Vailati held a moderate positivist view, in both science and philosophy:

"it must be demanded of anybody who advances a thesis that he be capable of indicating the facts which according to him should obtain (or have obtained) if his thesis were true, and also their difference from other facts which according to him would obtain (or have obtained) if it were not true"

Vailati's influences and contacts were many and varied, belying the oversimple label often attached to him: "the Italian pragmatist". While owing much to Peirce and William James (between whose thought he was one of the first to distinguish), he also acknowledged the influence of Plato and George Berkeley (both of whom he saw as important precursors of, or influences on, pragmatism), Gottfried Leibniz, Victoria Welby-Gregory G.E. Moore, Bertrand Russell, Peano, and Franz Brentano. He corresponded with many of his contemporaries.

His early work included papers on symbolic logic, focusing on its rôle in philosophy, and distinguishing between logic and psychology and epistemology. Vailata's main historical interests concerned mechanics, logic, and geometry, and he was an important contributor to a number of areas, including the study of post-Aristotelian Greek mechanics, of Galileo's predecessors, of the notion and rôle of definition in the work of Plato and Euclid, of mathematical influences on logic and epistemology, and of the non-Euclidean geometry of Gerolamo Saccheri. He was particularly interested in the ways in which what might be seen as the same problems are addressed and dealt with at different times.

His historical work was interrelated with his philosophical work, involving the same fundamental views and methodology. Vailati saw the two as differing in approach rather than subject matter, and believed that there should be co-operation between philosophers and scientists in the pursuit of historical studies. He also held that a complete history demanded that one take into account the relevant social background.

The superseding of scientific theories and other results doesn't involve their destruction, for their importance is increased by their being superseded: "Every error shows us a rock to be avoided, while not every discovery shows us a path to be followed.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Vailati .

(based on ODNB entry by Norman Vance)

Frances "Fanny" Eliza Grenfell was born in 1814, the daughter of Pascoe Grenfell, MP for Great Marlow, and his second wife, Georgiana St Leger.
Fanny was educated privately and in the mid 1830s she lived with three of her religious, unmarried sisters. The group was attracted the Catholic revival within the Church of England and were involved in joining an Anglican sisterhood, similar to Puseyite Park Village (established in 1845).
On July 6, 1839 Fanny met Charles Kingsley (1819-1875), a Cambridge undergraduate. The two began a protracted courtship, which the Grenfell family strongly disapproved of. Fanny introduced Kingsley to writers such as Coleridge, Carlyle, and F. D. Maurice and exercised a strong influence of his subsequent career in the Anglican Church. The two were finally married on 10 January 1844.

The couple settled in Hampshire, where Charles Kingsley took up the curacy of Eversley. The couple had four children and Fanny was heavily involved in her husband's parish work.
Following Charles' death, Fanny took up the writing and editing of his correspondence, publishing "Charles Kingsley: his Letters and Memoir of his Life" in 1877, as well as four volumes of his selected writings.
She died on 12 December 1891.

For more information, see Oxford Dictionary of National Biography entry by Norman Vance. Available at http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/47583.

(from Wikipedia entry)

James Leigh Strachan-Davidson (born Strachan) (22 October 1843 – 28 March 1916) was an English classical scholar, born at Byfleet, Surrey, southern England.
Strachan-Davidson was educated at Leamington College and at Balliol College, Oxford, and from 1907 was Master of Balliol. He received the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws from the universities of St Andrews and Glasgow. His publications include an edition of Selections from Polybius (1888); of Appian, Civil Wars, Book I (1902); Cicero and the Fall of the Roman Republic (1894); Problems of the Roman Criminal Law (two volumes, 1914, available online: Volume 1 and Volume 2.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Leigh_Strachan-Davidson

Joseph Henry Shorthouse (9 September 1834 - March 1903) was an English novelist.He was born in Great Charles Street, Birmingham, educated at Grove School, Tottenham, and became a chemical manufacturer. Originally a Quaker, he joined the Church of England. His first book, John Inglesant, appeared in 1881, and at once made him famous. Though deficient in its structure as a story, and not appealing to the populace, it fascinates by the charm of its style and the "dim religious light" by which it is suffused, as well as by the striking scenes occasionally depicted. Shorthouse dedicated John Inglesant to Rawdon Levett, his friend and fellow teacher at King Edward's School, Birmingham. His other novels, The Little Schoolmaster Mark, Sir Percival, The Countess Eve, and A Teacher of the Violin, though with some of the same characteristics, had no success comparable to his first. Shorthouse also wrote an essay, The Platonism of Wordsworth.

A Canadian ballet dancer and artistic director. He was principal dancer of the National Ballet of Canada and the Berlin Opera Ballet. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Augustyn)

Linda Pyke (1948-1979), author and poet, died following an accident, at the age of 31. She was a part-time student at York University at the time of her death. Pyke was the author of 'Prisoner,' (1978) a collection of poetry.

Eliza Lynn Linton (10 February 1822 - 14 July 1898) was a British novelist, essayist, and anti-feminist journalist. Eliza Lynn Linton was the first female salaried journalist and author of over 20 novels. Born in Keswick, Cumbria, England, the daughter of the Rev. J. Lynn, vicar of Crosthwaite, and granddaughter of a bishop of Carlisle, she arrived in London in 1845 as the prot

Shadworth Hollway Hodgson (1832-1912) was an English philosopher.

He worked independently, without academic affiliation. He was acknowledged by William James as a forerunner of Pragmatism, although he viewed his work as a completion of Kant's project. Hodgson was a member of a London philosophy club with James, called the "Scratch Eight." Hodgson regarded the poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge as his chief inspirations, and had no academic background, though he was a member of the Metaphysical Society.

He was the first president of the Aristotelian Society and held that post from 1880 to 1894.

His principal work was The Metaphysic of Experience (1898) which prepared the way for New Realism. He objected to the stance of empiricism in its postulating of persons and things, and insisted that neither subject nor object are warranted as initial considerations of philosophy.

Attention to Hodgson was briefly enlivened by an article by Wolfe Mays in a British Phenomenology journal in the 1970s.

The volumes of Hodgson's principal work were often shipped with uncut pages and visits to libraries with these volumes has revealed that sometimes most pages of all 4 volumes remained uncut even one hundred years later.

Reverend Henry Gladwin Jebb was born on 6 May 1826. He was the son of Samuel Henry Jebb and Frances Straw. He married Emma Louisa Ramsden, daughter of Robert Ramsden and Frances Matilda Plumptre, on 29 September 1853. He died on 19 April 1898 at age 71.
He graduated from St. John's College, Cambridge University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, in 1851 with a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.). He graduated from St. John's College, Cambridge University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, in 1872 with a Master of Arts (M.A.). He was the Rector at Chetwynd, Shropshire, England. He was invested as a Fellow, Society of Antiquaries (F.S.A.). He held the office of Justice of the Peace (J.P.) for the West Riding, Yorkshire. He was the Rector at Fontmell, Dorset, England. He lived at Firbeck Hall, Yorkshire, England.

Philip J. Jaffe was an American businessman resident in New York who took a special interest in Communist parties and governments in the Soviet Union, China, Southeast Asia (including India), as well as the Communist Party of the United States. He was a book collector and author of several studies on communism. The Workers' Party, formed in 1921, was a successor to the Communist Party of America, a largely foreign-language dominated communist body which itself split-off from the Socialist Party in 1919. The Communist Party of the United States was founded in 1921 and, although it has contested American presidential and other elections, its strength has largely been confined to those involved in the labour and civil rights movements, and among students on university campuses. It reached its zenith, in terms of popular support, during the 1930s and 1940s. The party was influential in the establishment of the CIO and benefitted from the US-Soviet alliance in the Second World War. The Cold War diminished the strength and resources of the Party as did the revelations of Stalin's policies in the USSR.

Roden Berkeley Wriothesley Noel, also known as No

(from Wikipedia entry)

Sir William Alexander Craigie (13 August 1867 – 2 September 1957) was a philologist and a lexicographer. A graduate of the University of St Andrews, he was the third editor of the Oxford English Dictionary and co-editor (with C. T. Onions) of the 1933 supplement. From 1916 to 1925 he was also Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon in the University of Oxford. He married Jessie Kinmond Hutchen of Dundee, born 1864 or 65, died 1947, daughter of William. He lectured on lexicography at the University of Chicago while working on the Dictionary of American English and the Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue,
a project he pioneered. Many twentieth-century American lexicographers studied under Craigie as a part of his lectureship, including Clarence Barnhart, Jess Stein, Woodford A. Heflin, Robert Ramsey, Louise Pound, and Allen Walker Read. Craigie was also fluent in Icelandic and an expert in the field of rímur. He made many valuable contributions in that field. His interest was awakened by a winter of study in Copenhagen, then the centre of Norse philology. He compiled the complete Oxford edition of Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tales, with hitherto untranslated tales being supplied by his wife. He befriended many of the great Norse philologists of the time and came across séra Einar Guðmundsson's seventheenth-century Skotlands rímur, dealing with the Gowrie Conspiracy. Being a Scotsman himself, there was no way back, and he continued research in that field till the end of his life.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Craigie .

(from Wikipedia entry)
Victor Branford (1863-1930) was a British sociologist. He was the founder of the Sociological Society and was made an Honorary member of the American Sociological Society, now the American Sociological Association.Victor Verasis Branford was born in Oundle, Northamptonshire, on 25 September 1863.[1] His father was William Catton Branford (1837-1891), who worked as a veterinary surgeon in Oundle. In addition to Victor, William Branford had one daughter and a further three sons: Mary Ann Kitchen (1861-1907), Lionel William Ernest Catton (1866-1947), Benchara Bertrand Patrick (1868-1944), and John Frederick Kitchen (1869-1946). Branford began his schooling at Oundle School, but transferred to Daniel Stewart’s College when the family moved to Edinburgh in 1869 on his father’s appointment as Professor of Anatomy at the veterinary college in that city.

While studying at Edinburgh University, Victor Branford came under the influence of the charismatic Patrick Geddes, who was working as a demonstrator in the science faculty at the University. This contact with Geddes changed the direction of his life and led to his life-long commitment to the development of sociology.

Working as a journalist in Dundee he met Matilda Elizabeth Stewart (1852-1915), widow of James Farquharson Stewart the editor of the “Dundee Advertiser”, and the two were married in 1897. The Branfords lived in Amersham while Victor was working as an accountant in London, but the marriage did not last and Branford secured a divorce under American law in Goldfield, Nevada, in 1910. Branford had already met Sybella Gurney, an activist in the cooperative movement and the Garden Cities movement, and they were married in Philadelphia that same year.

For more information see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Branford .

(from Wikipedia entry)

John Alfred Spender (23 December 1862 - 21 June 1942) was a British journalist, newspaper editor, and author. He is best known for serving as the editor of the London newspaper the Westminster Gazette from 1896 until 1922. Spender was the eldest of four sons born to John Kent Spender, a doctor, and his wife, the novelist Lillian Spender. He was educated at Bath College and Balliol College, Oxford, where he did well in his studies but missed a first in Greats due to illness.

Though Benjamin Jowett, the Master of Balliol, suggested that Spender become a lawyer, Spender sought out a career in journalism instead. In this he had the assistance of his uncle William Saunders, who owned the Western and Eastern Morning News as well as the Central News Ageny. After a brief period as Saunders's secretary, Spender was offered a position as a leader writer for The Echo by John Passmore Edwards, though their relationship proved difficult and Spender left after only five months in the post.

It was at this point in 1886 that Saunders offered his nephew the editorship of the struggling Hull newspaper Eastern Morning News. Spender eagerly accepted and spent a little more than four years in the post. As the editor of a provincial daily, Spender undertook whatever jobs were necessary, serving as sales manager, leader writer, reporter, and critic. Through his efforts the paper returned to profitability, only to then be sold by Saunders in February 1891. Spender returned to London, where he worked as a freelance contributor to a number of papers and wrote his book, a tract on old-age pensions that won him the friendship of John Morley.

In June 1892 Spender received an offer from E. T. Cook, the editor of the Liberal evening newspaper the Pall Mall Gazette, to work as his assistant editor. Spender gladly accepted, only to be let go a month later when the Pall Mall Gazette was sold to William Waldorf Astor, who changed its party allegiance to the Unionists. Though the newly married Spender was unemployed once more, he was quickly rehired by Cook when the editor started a new Liberal evening paper, the Westminster Gazette, in January 1893. Cook served as editor until 1896, when he resigned his position to take over as editor of the Liberal Daily News. Though a number of prominent individuals applied to succeed him, the owner of the Westminster Gazette, George Newnes, decided to offer the editorship to Spender, then only thirty-three years of age. Though Spender himself was modest about his prospects, his selection was met with approval by many in the Liberal ranks, including the head of the party Lord Rosebery.

Under Spender's direction, the Westminster Gazette never had a wide circulation, nor did it make a profit. Nonetheless it was the most influential evening newspaper in Britain, for which Spender received the credit. The veteran editor Frederick Greenwood regarded the Westminster Gazette under Spender as "the best edited paper in London," and his leaders became essential reading for politicians on both sides of the political aisle. In them his priority was Liberal unity. He balanced ideological expression in the pages of his paper, avoiding the polemical heights attained by his counterparts in other Liberal publications. Though this occasionally earned him the ire of both Liberal factions in a debate, his loyalty to the Liberal leadership was rewarded with their confidences, which provided him with invaluable insight into the inner workings of contemporary politics.

Spender greatly valued his editorial independence, which was never an issue with the Gazette's owner, George Newnes. When Newnes sold the paper in 1908 to a consortium of Liberal businessmen and politicians led by Alfred Mond, however, Spender found his cherished independence under pressure. Only internal disagreement within the ownership group saved Spender from dismissal. The dispute hurt staff morale, while the start of the First World War led several important staff members to leave for service in the armed forces. A growing decline in circulation and revenue led Spender and the owners to undertake the radical move of switching from an evening to a morning publication in November 1921. The new paper, however, was no longer a vehicle for the sort of reflective journalism characteristic of Spender, and he resigned from his position in February 1922. Spender's departure from the Westminster Gazette also meant his departure from journalism, as he how pursued a new career as an author. Over the next two decades, he wrote a number of books on nonfiction subjects, including histories, travelogues, biographies, and memoirs. His most prominent works were two biographies of Liberal party leaders, the former prime ministers Henry Campbell Bannerman and Herbert Henry Asquith, and a memoir of his Life Journalism and Politics. He also served on a number of public commissions and inquiries, and after refusing public honors three previous times he accepted an appointment as a Companion of Honour. He also remained involved in Liberal politics, though his influence was much diminished with the decline of the Liberal Party in the interwar period, while his concern about the insufficiency of British armaments led many to brand Spender as an appeaser in the run-up to the Second World War. Spender died in June 1942 after a long illness.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Alfred_Spender .

(from obituary)"DR. JOHN THEODORE MERZ, whose death on March 21, in his eighty-second year, was announced last week, was a son of Dr. Philip Merz, headmaster of the Chorlton High School, one of the pioneer institutions of higher education in Manchester. He was an acknowledged authority upon industrial chemistry and took a leading part in the industrial development of electricity supply, being one of the founders of the Newcastle-upon-Tyne Electric Supply Company. By the use of his great scientific and practical knowledge, he rendered invaluable service to the industrial community of Tyneside and the counties of Northumberland and Durham." (from Wikipedia entry) John Theodore Merz (1840 - 21 March 1922) was a German British chemist, historian and industrialist. Merz was born in Manchester, England and educated at G

(from obituary notice) Mr. Charles Francis Keary, the novelist, died yesterday of heart failure at the age of 55. He was educated at Marlborough and Trinity College, Cambridge, and was for some years in the Department of Coins at the British Museum. In 1890, while he was still in the British Museum, he published "The Vikings in Western Christendom," still a standard book on the subject. It was intended that it should be followed by a second volume, which was never written. He also wrote books on religious origins, "The Outlines of Primitive Belief" (1882), "The Mythology of the Eddas" (1882), which, of course, have now been rendered out of date by the great body of research on this subject

(from Wikipedia entry)

George Granville Bradley (11 December 1821 – 13 March 1903) was an English divine, scholar, and schoolteacher, who was Dean of Westminster 1881-1902. He was educated at Rugby under Thomas Arnold, and at University College, Oxford, of which he became a Fellow in 1844. He was an assistant master at Rugby from 1846 to 1858, when he succeeded GEL Cotton as Headmaster at Marlborough College in Wiltshire. In 1870, he was elected Master of his old college at Oxford, and in August 1881 he was made Dean of Westminster in succession to AP Stanley. He took part in the coronation of King Edward VII and resigned the deanery in 1902. Bradley was an Acting Chaplain of the 13th Middlesex (Queen´s Westminsters) Volunteer Rifle Corps for 20 years, and received the Volunteer Officers' Decoration (VD) 21 February 1902. Besides his Recollections of A. P. Stanley (1883) and Life of Dean Stanley (1892), he published a revised version of Thomas Kerchever Arnold's Latin Prose Composition ("Bradley's Arnold"); Further works were Lectures on Job (1884) and Ecclesiastes (1885).

Bradley had two sons and five daughters; of these children one son, Arthur Granville Bradley (1850–1943), and four daughters were writers, including Margaret Louisa Woods, Emily Tennyson Bradley (married Alexander Murray Smith), Lady Mabel Birchenough (the wife of Sir Henry Birchenough, public servant and business man) and Rose Marion Bradley.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Granville_Bradley

Murray George Ross (1910-2000), educator and author, was born in Canada and educated there and in the United States, receiving the Ed.D from Columbia University (1949). He returned to Canada to teach in the School of Social Work, University of Toronto and he served as vice president of that school from 1957-1960. In the latter year he was named president of York University, remaining in that position until 1970 when he became a professor of social science and president emeritus. Ross is the author of several works dealing with community organizations and higher education including, 'Community organization: theory and principles,' (1955), 'Canadian corporate directors on the firing line, '(1980), 'The new university,' (1960), 'The university: the anatomy of academe,' (1976), and a memoir, 'The way must be tried: memoir of a university man,' (1992). Ross has also served on the board of directors of several charitable and corporate bodies and has been awarded several honorary degrees from Canadian universities. He was made an Officer of the Order of Canada (1979), and of the Order of Ontario (1988), and was awarded the 125th Anniversary of Confederation of Canada Medal (1992).

According to Nina Cust, Dr. Arthur Silva White (1859-1932) was Secretary of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society, Editor of "Scottish Geographical Magazine", Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Author of "The Development of Africa: a study of applied geography", and "The expansion of Egypt under Anglo-Egyptian condominium". NC: "Author of "The Development of Africa", "From Sphinx to Oracle" etc."

Joseph Robert Starobin (1913-1976), educator and author, was affiliated with the Department of Political Science at Glendon College (1969) and remained there until his death in 1976. Starobin had been a member of the Communist Party of the United States, worked as the foreign editor of the 'Daily worker,' and travelled to several Communist nations in Eastern Europe and China. He left the party in 1956, returned to school and acquired the PhD from Columbia University. Starobin was the author of 'American communism in crisis, 1943-1957,' (1972) and 'Eyewitness in Indo-China,' (1968).

The band's music is a form of folk rock and is sometimes described as "Hillbilly Pink Floyd,"[2] or "Punk Classical Hillbilly Floyd." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandalf_Murphy_and_the_Slambovian_Circus_of_Dreams

Frederick Locker-Lampson (1821-1895) was an English man of letters, bibliophile and poet. He was born at Greenwich Hospital. His father, who was Civil Commissioner of the Hospital, was Edward Hawke Locker, youngest son of the Captain William Locker who gave Nelson the memorable advice "to lay a Frenchman close, and beat him." His mother, Eleanor Mary Elizabeth Boucher, was a daughter of the Revd. Jonathan Boucher, vicar of Epsom and friend of George Washington.

After a desultory education, Frederick Locker began life in a colonial broker's office. Soon he obtained a clerkship in Somerset House, whence he was transferred to Lord Haddington's private office at the Admiralty. Here he became deputy-reader and precis writer. In 1850 he married Lady Charlotte Bruce, daughter of the Lord Elgin who brought the famous marbles to England, and sister of Lady Augusta Stanley. After his marriage he left the Civil Service, in consequence of ill-health.

In 1857 he published London Lyrics, a slender volume of 90 pages, which, with subsequent extensions, constitutes his poetical legacy. Lyra Elegantiarum (1867), an anthology of light and familiar verse, and Patchwork (1879), a book of extracts, were his only other publications in his lifetime.

In 1872 Lady Charlotte Locker died. Two years later Locker married Miss Hannah Jane Lampson, the only daughter of Sir Curtis Miranda Lampson, Bart., of Rowfant House, Sussex, and in 1885 he added his wife's surname to his own to form a new family surname, Locker-Lampson. He died at Rowfant on 30 May 1895 and is buried in Worth churchyard near Crawley, Sussex.

He had five children: Eleanor by his first wife, and Godfrey, Dorothy, Oliver and Maud by his second. Eleanor married first Lionel Tennyson, younger son of the poet Alfred Lord Tennyson, and after his death married the writer and Liberal politician Augustine Birrell. Chronic ill-health debarred Locker from any active part in life, but it did not prevent his delighting a wide circle of friends by his gifts as a host and raconteur, and from accumulating many treasures as a connoisseur. He was acquainted with practically all the major literary figures of the age, including Matthew Arnold, the Brownings, Carlyle, Dickens, George Eliot, Leigh Hunt, Ruskin, Tennyson, Thackeray and Trollope. He was also a mentor to the illustrator artists Randolph Caldecott and Kate Greenaway.

He was a noted bibliophile and one the foremost exponents of the "Cabinet" style of book collecting. He catalogued his own collection of rare books, first editions, prints and manuscripts in a volume named after his family home in Sussex, the Rowfant Library (1886). An Appendix compiled by his elder son, Godfrey, was published in 1900. The Rowfant Club, a Cleveland-based society of book collectors, is named after his home.

As a poet, Locker belongs to the choir who deal with the gay rather than the grave in verse, with the polished and witty rather than the lofty or emotional. His good taste kept him as far from the broadly comic on the one side as his kind heart saved him from the purely cynical on the other. To something of Prior, of Praed and of Hood he added qualities of his own which lent his work distinction in no wise diminished by his unwearied endeavour after directness and simplicity.

Gerda Wekerle is a professor and community advocate. Born in 1947 in Heidelberg, Germany, she was educated at York University and received her PhD. D. (Sociology) from Northwestern University in 1974. A professor in the Faculty of Environmental Studies, Wekerle began her teaching career at York in 1972, where she also teaches courses in the School of Women’s Studies and the Graduate Programme in Geography. Wekerle is a prolific writer, as well as an activist and consultant at the local, national, and international levels. Her work has focused on topics such as housing, women and environments, urban public policy, social planning, social policy, transportation, urban development, qualitative research methods, and women and public policy.

Germain Bazin (1901-1990), museum curator, author and teacher, was appointed research professor at York University in 1971, remaining there until 1976. He had previously served on the staff of the Louvre and was chief curator there, 1951-1965. He also taught at the University of Brussels, l'Ecole du Louvre, and was the author of numerous widely-translated monographs and articles, including Le Mont-Saint-Michel (1933) and Historie generale de l'art (1953).

Reg Whitaker, author, professor and political commentator, was born in Ottawa, Ontario and educated at Carleton University where he received his BA and MA in Political Science in 1965 and 1968, respectively. He received a PhD in Political Economy from the University of Toronto in 1975. He was a lecturer, assistant and associate professor in the Department of Political Science, Carleton University beginning in 1972, and Whitaker was the director of Carleton's Institute of Canadian Studies from 1979-1981. He joined York as a professor of political science in 1984. At York, he has served as coordinator of the Public Policy and Administration Program, 1986-1989, and as director of the Graduate Program in Political Science, 1990-1992. In 2001, he was named Distinguished Research Professor. Whitaker is a prolific and leading authority in the study of political parties, federalism, security and intelligence, immigration policy and the history of political thought in Canada. As well, Whitaker has collaborated with historian Greg Kealey to compile, edit and publish eight volumes of RCMP security bulletins, covering the entire inter-war period and the Second World War.

Margaret Avison, poet, was born in Galt, Ontario, and educated at the University of Toronto, graduating with a BA in 1940 and an MA 1965. Avison worked as a librarian, a teacher, and a social worker with the Presbyterian Church, writing poetry in her spare time. She received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1956, which she used to complete her first book of poetry, "Winter Sun" (1960). It was followed by "The Dumbfounding" (1966), "Sunblue" (1978), "No Time" (1989), "Not Yet but Still" (1997), "Concrete and Wild Carrot" (2002), "Always Now: The Collected Poems" (2003-2005), and "Momentary Dark" (2006). "Listening: Last Poems" and an autobiography, "I Am Here and Not-There", were published posthumously in 2009. Avison received the Governor General's Award for Poetry in 1960 for "Winter Sun" and in 1990 for "No Time", and the Griffin Poetry Prize in 2003 for "Concrete and Wild Carrot". She was made an officer of the Order of Canada in 1984 and was a recipient of the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal in 2002. Margaret Avison died in Toronto on 31 July 2007.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Allen Upward (1863 - 12 November 1926) was a poet, lawyer, politician and teacher. His work was included in the first anthology of Imagist poetry, Des Imagistes, which was edited by Ezra Pound and published in 1914.

Upward was brought up as a member of the Plymouth Brethren and trained as a lawyer at the Royal University of Dublin (now University College Dublin). While living in Dublin, he wrote a pamphlet in favour of Irish Home Rule.

Upward later worked for the British Foreign Office in Kenya as a judge. Back in Britain, he defended Havelock Wilson and other labour leaders and ran for election as a Lib/Lab candidate in the 1890s.

He wrote two books of poetry, Songs of Ziklag (1888) and Scented Leaves from a Chinese Jar. He also published a translation Sayings of Confucious and a volume of autobiography, Some Personalities (1921).

Upward wrote a number of now-forgotten novels: The Prince of Balkistan (1895), A Crown of Straw (1896), A Bride's Madness (1897), The Accused Princess (1900) (source: Duncan, p. xii), "''The International Spy: Being a Secret History of the Russo-Japanese War" (1905), and Athelstane Ford.

His 1913 book "The Divine Mystery" is an anthropological study of Christian mythology.

In 1908, Upward self-published a book (originally written in 1901) which he apparently thought would be Nobel Prize material: The New Word. This book is today known as the first citation of the word "Scientology", although it is used in the book in a disparaging way to describe "science elevated to unquestioning doctrine". It is unknown whether L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of the Scientology-organization, knew of this book.

In 1917 the British Museum refused to take Upwards' manuscripts, "on the grounds that the writer was still alive," and Upward burned them.

He shot himself in November 1926. Ezra Pound would a decade later satirically remark that this was due to his disappointment after hearing of George Bernard Shaw's Nobel Prize award which Shaw won in 1925.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Upward .

Maurice Le Noblet Duplessis (1890-1959) was twice premier and attorney general of Quebec, in the period 1936-1939 and again in 1944-1959. A Conservative member of the provincial legislature, he rose to take over that party in 1931, attracted dissident Liberals and nationalists and introduced the Unione Nationale Party for the 1935 election. The following year the Liberal government was defeated and Duplessis became premier as head of the UN. Although he lost the next election, Duplessis was returned to power in 1944 and was re-elected in three ensuing elections. Duplessis was known in Quebec as an ardent nationalist who frustrated federal government plans to enact a more centralist national government in the 1940s and 1950s while at the same time passing social legislation and building a public infrastructure (schools, roads, hospitals) on an unprecedented scale in Quebec. He died in office in 1959.

Alfred Beverley Philip Lever (1936- ) received a Ph.D. from the University of London in 1960. He joined the Chemistry Department of York University in 1967. Lever was named professor in 1972 and served as director of the graduate programme in chemistry from 1969-1976. Prior to his tenure at York, Lever taught at the University of Manchester's Institute for Science and Technology, and served as a research associate at Ohio State University. He is the author of 'Inorganic electronic spectroscopy,' (1968, 1984), co-editor of the 'Physical bioinorganic chemistry,' monograph series (1983-1989), 'Phthalocyanines - principles and applications,' (1989- ), and served as editor of 'Coordination chemistry reviews,'. He has lectured at several international symposia and served as a visiting professor and lecturer at several universities around the world.

Priscila Uppal was born in Ottawa in 1974. She was a poet, novelist and professor of creative writing at York University. She completed a double honours B.A. in English and Creative Writing and a PhD in English Literature at York University in 1997 and 2002, respectively, and an M.A. in English from the University of Toronto in 1998. She published nine collections of poetry including 'Ontological Necessities' (2006) (shortlisted for the Griffin Poetry Prize), 'Traumatology' (2010) and 'Successful Tragedies: Poems 1998-2010' (2010). Her work has appeared in national and international magazines. Her first novel, 'The Divine Economy of Salvation,' and the anthology 'Uncommon Ground : A Celebration of Matt Cohen,' which she co-edited with Graeme Gibson, Dennis Lee and Wayne Grady, were both published in 2002. Uppal's second novel, 'To Whom it May Concern,' was published in 2009, followed by 'Cover Before Striking,' published in 2015. Her non-fiction books are 'We Are What We Mourn' (2009) and 'Projection' (2013). Her play, 'What Linda Said,' was first performed at the SummerWorks Performance Festival in August 2017, and poems performed in the play were published by Gap Riot Press as a chapbook. Uppal also edited several collected works including 'The Exile Book of Poetry in Translation: Twenty Canadian Poets Take on the World' (2009), 'The Exile Book of Canadian Sports Stories' (2010), and The Best Canadian Poetry in English' (2011). She was the first poet-in-residence for the Rogers Cup Tennis Tournament (2011) and Olympic poet-in-residence at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Games and the 2012 London Summer Games. Uppal died in Toronto on September 5, 2018.

Edith Ferguson (1903- ), author and educator, was born in Canada and educated at Queen's University (Ontario) and Columbia University, obtaining the MA from the latter school in 1949. She worked with the United Nations Refugee & Relief Administration in the aftermath of World War II and this service strengthened her interest in refugee and immigrant integration into Canadian society, a field in which she wrote and studied for forty years. Ferguson was commissioned to write reports on immigrants in Canada for several bodies including the Royal Commission on the Status of Women, the Ontario Economic Council, the Social Planning Council of Metro Toronto (where she was employed in the 1960s), and the International Institute of Metropolitan Toronto. Ferguson is the author of "Immigrants in Canada" (1974 & 1978), "Immigrant integration: our obligations -- political, social and economic -- to the 1,700,000 people who have come to Ontario in the past quarter century" (1970), and "Newcomers and new learning" (1966).

Alfred (Ben) Wicks (1 Oct. 1926 - 10 Sept. 2000) was born in Southwark, a borough of London, England’s East End. After World War Two, he remained in London working odd jobs including a stint with the British Air Training Corp. and as a saxophone player before turning to a career as an illustrator. Wicks married Doreen Curtis (1935-2004), a nurse, in Bristol, England, on 31 May 1956.

Ben and Doreen Wicks moved to Calgary, Canada in 1957. Wicks had his first sale as a cartoonist in Canada to The Saturday Evening Post in 1962, and year later, started as a staff member for the Toronto Telegram. His cartoon strip, “The Outcasts,” a take on politics in Canada and the United States, was soon syndicated by over 50 newspapers. In 1967, Wicks was assigned to travel alongside a journalist to cover the Nigerian–Biafran War and its effects on the civilian population through cartoons and drawings. Wicks would continue his efforts in humanitarian work in Haiti, Sudan and other parts of Africa.

After the Toronto Telegram ceased operations in 1971, Wicks moved to the Toronto Star. His single frame cartoon, “Wicks,” was syndicated in 84 Canadian and over 100 American newspapers. Wicks was also a well-known Canadian television personality. He hosted several productions including “Ben Wicks” in the late 1970s that aired on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. In 1990, Wicks founded the I.Can Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to children’s literacy around the world, and he illustrated several literacy booklets (Born to Read series) that reached millions of school age children across Canada.

Wicks published over 40 books and booklets over his career including Ben Wicks’ Canada (1976), Ben Wicks’ Women (1978), Ben Wicks’ Book of Losers (1979), Ben Wicks’ Etiquette (1981), Ben Wicks’ Dogs (1983), Mavis & Bill (1986), and Mavis & Bill Yes, Again! (1988). He also published non-fiction books including No Time to Wave Goodbye (1987), The Day they Took the Children (1988), Nell’s War (1990), Welcome Home (1991), Master of None: The Story of Me Life (1995), and Dawn of the Promised Land: The Creation of Israel (1997).

In 1986, Wicks was awarded membership into the Order of Canada, followed three years later by his wife, Doreen.

Ben Wicks died of cancer on 10 Sept. 2000.

Yvonne Vera (1964-2005) was born in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. A prominent African writer of English fiction, Vera published five novels and a collection of short stories during her short career. Her award-winning works have been translated into several languages. Vera graduated from Hillside Teacher's College in 1984, and taught English literature at Njube High School. In 1987, she immigrated to Canada and married John Jose, a Canadian teacher whom she had met while he was teaching at Njube.

Vera attended York University in Toronto, Canada, completing an Hons. BA (English) in 1990, an MA (English) in 1991, and a PhD (English) in 1995. While working on her PhD she taught literature courses at York and a summer creative writing course at Trent University in 1995. Vera’s career as a fiction writer began in earnest while she was still a student at York: she wrote a collection of short stories, entitled “Why Don't You Carve Other Animals?”, as well as the novels “Nehanda” (shortlisted for the Commonwealth Writer's Prize), “Without a Name” and “Under the Tongue.” Her novel “Butterfly Burning” was awarded the German Literature Prize and chosen as one of Africa's 100 Best Books of the 20th Century, both in 2002. “The Stone Virgins” was published in 2002, and was awarded the MacMillan Writers' Prize for Africa. She also edited “Opening Spaces: An Anthology of Contemporary Writing by African Women.” Vera was a keynote speaker and participant at numerous national and international literary festivals.

In the late 1980s Vera was diagnosed HIV­-positive, but did not disclose this publicly during her lifetime. Jose and Vera separated in 1995, and she moved back to Zimbabwe. In 1997, Vera became director of the National Gallery of Zimbabwe in Bulawayo. She returned to Canada in 2004, accompanied by Jose, to seek treatment for her worsening condition. She continued to work on her novel “Obedience” during this time, and was awarded the Swedish PEN Tucholsky Prize in 2004. Vera passed away at Sunnybrook Hospital in Toronto on April 7, 2005.

Ericah Gwetai published her daughter's biography, “Petal Thoughts,” in 2008 with Mambo Press in Zimbabwe. “Obedience,” the novel Yvonne Vera was working on at the time of her death, remains unpublished.

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The Honourable John Maler Collier OBE RP ROI (27 January 1850 – 11 April 1934) was a leading English artist, and an author. He painted in the Pre-Raphaelite style, and was one of the most prominent portrait painters of his generation. Both his marriages were to daughters of Thomas Henry Huxley. He studied painting at the Munich Academy where he enrolled on 14 April 1875 (Register: 3145) at the age of 25.Collier was from a talented and successful family. His grandfather, John
Collier, was a Quaker merchant who became a Member of Parliament. His father (who was a Member of Parliament, Attorney General and, for many years, a full-time judge of the Privy Council) was created the first Lord Monkswell. He was also a member of the Royal Society of British Artists. John Collier's elder brother, the second Lord Monkswell, was Under-Secretary of State for War and Chairman of the London County Council. In due course, Collier became an integral part of the family of Thomas Henry Huxley PC, President of the Royal Society
from 1883 to 1885. Collier married two of Huxley's daughters and was
"on terms of intimate friendship" with his son, the writer Leonard Huxley. Collier's first wife, in 1879, was Marian (Mady) Huxley. She was a painter who studied, like her husband, at the Slade and exhibited at the Royal Academy and elsewhere. After the birth of their only child, a daughter, she suffered severe post-natal depression and was taken to Paris for treatment where, however, she contracted pneumonia and died in 1887.
In 1889 Collier married Mady's younger sister Ethel Huxley. Until the Deceased Wife's Sister's Marriage Act 1907
such a marriage was not possible in England, so the ceremony took place
in Norway. Collier's daughter by his first marriage, Joyce, was a
portrait miniaturist, and a member of the Royal Society of Miniature
Painters. By his second wife he had a daughter and a son, Sir Laurence Collier, who was the British Ambassador to Norway 1941–51.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Collier_%28artist%29 .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Sir Francis Galton, FRS (/ˈfrɑːnsɪs ˈɡɔːltən/; 16 February 1822 – 17 January 1911) was an English Victorian polymath, psychologist, anthropologist, eugenicist, tropical explorer, geographer, inventor, meteorologist, proto-geneticist, psychometrician, and statistician. He was knighted in 1909.

Galton produced over 340 papers and books. He also created the statistical concept of correlation and widely promoted regression toward the mean. He was the first to apply statistical methods to the study of human differences and inheritance of intelligence, and introduced the use of questionnaires and surveys for collecting data on human communities, which he needed for genealogical and biographical works and for his anthropometric studies.

He was a pioneer in eugenics, coining the term itself and the phrase "nature versus nurture". His book Hereditary Genius (1869) was the first social scientific attempt to study genius and greatness.

As an investigator of the human mind, he founded psychometrics (the science of measuring mental faculties) and differential psychology and the lexical hypothesis of personality. He devised a method for classifying fingerprints that proved useful in forensic science. He also conducted research on the power of prayer, concluding it had none by its null effects on the longevity of those prayed for.

As the initiator of scientific meteorology, he devised the first weather map, proposed a theory of anticyclones, and was the first to establish a complete record of short-term climatic phenomena on a European scale. He also invented the Galton Whistle for testing differential hearing ability.

He was cousin of Douglas Strutt Galton and half-cousin of Charles Darwin. His father was Samuel Tertius Galton, son of Samuel "John" Galton. The Galtons were famous and highly successful Quaker gun-manufacturers and bankers, while the Darwins were distinguished in medicine and science. In January 1853 Galton met Louisa Jane Butler (1822–1897) at his neighbour's home and they were married on 1 August 1853. The union of 43 years proved childless.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton .

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John Venn FRS (4 August 1834 - 4 April 1923), was a British logician and philosopher. He is famous for introducing the Venn diagram, which is used in many fields, including set theory, probability, logic, statistics, and computer science. John Venn was born on 4 August 1834 in Kingston Upon Hull, Yorkshire to Martha Sykes and Rev. Henry Venn, who was the rector of parish of Drypool. His mother died when he was three years old. Venn descended from a long line of church evangelicals, including his grandfather John Venn. He would follow his family lineage and become an Anglican priest, ordained in 1859, serving first at the church in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, and later in Mortlake, Surrey.

He was educated by private tutors until 1853 where he went to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. In 1857, he got his degree in mathematics and became a fellow. In 1862, he returned to Cambridge University as a lecturer in moral science, studying and teaching logic and probability theory.

In 1868, he married Susanna Carnegie Edmonstone with whom he had one son, John Archibald Venn.

In 1883, he resigned from the clergy having concluded that Anglicanism was incompatible with his philosophical beliefs. In the same year, Venn was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and in the same year was awarded a Sc.D. by Cambridge.

He died on 4 April 1923. His death is unspecified.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Venn .

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Sir John Alexander Cockburn, KCMG (23 August 1850 – 26 November 1929) was Premier of South Australia from 27 June 1889 until 18 August 1890.

Cockburn was born in Corsbie, Berwickshire, Scotland in 1850 to Thomas Cockburn, farmer, and his wife Isabella, née Wright. His father died in France in 1855, and his mother migrated to South Australia in 1867 with three of the four children. Cockburn remained in the UK and was educated at Highgate School, and King's College London, he obtained the degree of M.D. London, with first class honours and gold medal. In 1875 he married Sarah Holdway (the daughter of Forbes Scott Brown) and they had one son and one daughter.

In 1879 he emigrated to South Australia and set up practice at Jamestown in the mid North.
In 1878 Cockburn was elected as the first mayor of Jamestown. In that role he lobbied the Government of South Australia to construct a railway line to the New South Wales border to tap the newly developed silver mining fields of the Barrier Ranges.
Cockburn stood for Burra in the South Australian House of Assembly in 1884, serving as Minister of Education from 1885 - 1887 (under premier John Downer) before losing that seat and returning as member for Mount Barker, elected in April 1887 and holding that seat for 11 years.
In 1884 Cockburn was able to pass progressive legislation including succession duties and land tax, and in 1886 was involved in introducing payment for members of the South Australian parliament.

On 27 June 1889 Cockburn became the first doctor to become Premier, a role he held for fourteen months before losing a no-confidence motion and handing back to Thomas Playford.

He was Minister for Education again and Minister for Agriculture in the Kingston ministry from 1893 until April 1898.

He was active in the planning of Federation, including representing South Australia at the Melbourne conference in 1890 and in Sydney in 1891.
Cockburn supported the Women's Suffrage League throughout their campaign and frequently spoke its meetings. He chaired the league's final meeting as well as its celebration event when suffrage was granted. He continued to play a part in women's suffrage upon his return to London and along with his wife were active in the suffragette movement in England.
After resigning from parliament, he went to England to serve as Agent-General for South Australia. He resigned in 1901 when the position was downgraded (due to federation), but remained in London and unofficially represented South Australia and Australia in many things.
He had a long career in Freemasonry, beginning with his initiation in 1876. He would go on to help establish the Grand Lodge of South Australia, and to serve in several high offices within it. After his return to England, he founded a new lodge in London and served as president of the International Masonic Club. As a Masonic Rosicrucian he was attracted to esoteric and philosophical subjects, and published several dozen articles exploring such themes in various Masonic periodicals.

He was created Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the New Year Honours list January 1900, and a Knight of Grace of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England (KGStJ) in August 1901.

He died in London in 1929 without ever returning to Australia. His wife, son and daughter survived him.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cockburn_%28Australian_politician%29

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William Robertson Smith FRSE (8 November 1846 - 31 March 1894) was a Scottish orientalist,Old Testament scholar, professor of divinity, and minister of the Free Church of Scotland. He was an editor of the Encyclopædia Britannica and contributor to the Encyclopaedia Biblica. He is also known for his book Religion of the Semites, which is considered a foundational text in the comparative study of religion. Smith was born in Aberdeenshire and demonstrated a quick intellect at an early age. He entered Aberdeen University at fifteen, before transferring to New College, Edinburgh, to train for the ministry, in 1866. After graduation he took up a chair in Hebrew at the Aberdeen Free Church College in 1870. In 1875 he wrote a number of important articles on religious topics in the ninth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. He became popularly known because of his trial for heresy in the 1870s, following the publication of an article in the Encyclopædia Britannica.

Smith's articles approached religious topics without endorsing the Bible as literally true. The result was a furore in the Free Church of Scotland, of which he was a member. As a result of the heresy trial, he lost his position at the Aberdeen Free Church College in 1881 and took up a position as a reader in Arabic at the University of Cambridge, where he eventually rose to the position of University Librarian, Professor of Arabic and a fellow of Christ's College. It was during this time that he wrote The Old Testament in the Jewish Church (1881) and The Prophets of Israel (1882), which were intended to be theological treatises for the lay audience.

In 1887 Smith became the editor of the Encyclopædia Britannica after the death of his employer Thomas Spencer Baynes left the position vacant. In 1889 he wrote his most important work, Religion of the Semites, an account of ancient Jewish religious life which pioneered the use of sociology in the analysis of religious phenomena. He was Professor of Arabic there with the full title 'Sir Thomas Adams Professor of Arabic' (1889-1894). He died in 1894 of tuberculosis.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Robertson_Smith .

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George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 - 2 November 1950) was an Irish playwright and a co-founder of the London School of Economics. Although his first profitable writing was music and literary criticism, in which capacity he wrote many highly articulate pieces of journalism, his main talent was for drama, and he wrote more than 60 plays. He was also an essayist, novelist and short story writer. Nearly all his writings address prevailing social problems, but have a vein of comedy which makes their stark themes more palatable. Issues which engaged Shaw's attention included education, marriage, religion, government, health care, and class privilege.

He was most angered by what he perceived as the exploitation of the working class. An ardent socialist, Shaw wrote many brochures and speeches for the Fabian Society. He became an accomplished orator in the furtherance of its causes, which included gaining equal rights for men and women, alleviating abuses of the working class, rescinding private ownership of productive land, and promoting healthy lifestyles. For a short time he was active in local politics, serving on the London County Council.

In 1898, Shaw married Charlotte Payne-Townshend, a fellow Fabian, whom he survived. They settled in Ayot St Lawrence in a house now called Shaw's Corner. Shaw died there, aged 94, from chronic problems exacerbated by injuries he incurred by falling from a ladder.

He is the only person to have been awarded both a Nobel Prize in Literature (1925) and an Oscar (1938), for his contributions to literature and for his work on the film Pygmalion (adaptation of his play of the same name), respectively. Shaw wanted to refuse his Nobel Prize outright because he had no desire for public honours, but accepted it at his wife's behest: she considered it a tribute to Ireland. He did reject the monetary award, requesting it be used to finance translation of fellow playwright August Strindberg's works from Swedish to English.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw .

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Major Honourable Arthur George Villiers Peel, normally known as George Peel (27 February 1869 - 25 April 1956) was a British Member of Parliament and writer on politics and economics. George Peel was the son of Arthur Peel, 1st Viscount Peel, a senior British Liberal politician, and Adelaide Dugdale. On 6 October 1906 at the age of 38 he married Lady Agnes Lygon. Graduating from Oxford University, he wrote extensively on politics and economics at a time when the world was in turmoil. He was returned as MP for Spalding in the by-election of 1917, until the constituency was abolished in 1918 and was Clerk to the Treasury. He died aged 88 on 25 April 1956.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_George_Villiers_Peel .

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Sir Frederick Pollock, 3rd Baronet PC (10 December 1845 - 18 January 1937) was an English jurist best known for his History of English Law before the Time of Edward I, written with F.W. Maitland, and his lifelong correspondence with US Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes. Frederick Pollock was the eldest son of William Frederick Pollock, Master of the Court of Exchequer, and Juliet Creed, daughter of the Rev, Harry Creed. He was the grandson of Sir Frederick Pollock, 1st Baronet, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, the great-nephew of Field Marshal Sir George Pollock, 1st Baronet, and the first cousin of Ernest Pollock, 1st Viscount Hanworth, Master of the Rolls.

He was educated at Eton College, where he was a King's Scholar, and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was elected Fellow in 1868 (later Honorable Fellow in 1920). In 1871 he was admitted to the Bar. He wrote a series of text books that took a new approach to the teaching of English Law including The Principles of Contract at Law and in Equity (1876) and The Law of Torts (1887). Rather than relying on specific applications of law these works emphasised underlying principles. They acted as models for future textbooks and helped modernise English legal education. Pollock taught at the University of Oxford (1883-1903), as Corpus Professor of Jurisprudence. He was Professor of Common Law in the Inns of Court (1884-1890). He was Editor of the Law Reports from 1895-1935. He was the first editor of the Law Quarterly Review which was founded in 1885. He was also, in 1894, the Chairman of The Society of Authors He was admitted to the Privy Council in 1911 (see List_of_Privy_Counsellors). He was elected Treasurer of Lincoln’s Inn in 1931. On 13 Aug 1873 he married Georgina Harriet Deffell (died on 30 March 1935), a daughter of John Deffell. Their first child, daughter Alice Isabella was born on 15 Jun 1876. Pollock’s son, Frederick John Pollock (1878-1963), a noted historian, succeeded to the baronetcy.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Frederick_Pollock,_3rd_Baronet .

Robert Dennis Cuff (1941-), educator and author, is a professor of history at York University (1978- ). Formerly, he taught at the University of Rochester (1967-1978) where he specialized in business-government relations and Canadian-American relations. He is co-author and editor of several works including 'Enterprise and national development (1971), 'The War Industries Board: business-government relations during World War I,' (1973), 'Canadian-American relations in wartime: From the Great War to the Cold War,' (1975) and 'An American history reader,' (1988).

Gladys Forrester (1914-1998) was a dancer, teacher and choreographer who began her dance studies in New York in the late 1930's. She was an Advanced Member of Royal Academy of Dancing, England and a graduate of the Chicago Association of Dancing Masters. She joined the Winnipeg Royal Ballet in 1943 and danced with the Volkoff Canadian Ballet, Toronto Festival Dancers and performed in the movie, The Red Shoes. In addition, Forrester was a World Highland Champion and also coached others. Forrester taught at the Canadian School of Ballet and was director of the Gladys Forrester School. She also choreographed much of the early work for CBC Television. In recognition of her lifetime achievements, Forrester was honoured with the Presidents Award by the Royal Academy of Dancing in 1998.

James Paton Isaac (1895-1964), educator and author, was born in and educated in Toronto and at Harvard University where he received the PhD. He later taught Ancient History at the University of Colorado and at Oklahoma State University. Isaac was the author of 'Factors in the ruin of antiquity; a criticism of ancient civilization,' (1971).

Dr. Carl E. James is known for his work in Toronto's marginalized communities, and for his work, nationally and internationally, in research on equity as related to race, class, gender and citizenship.

Emigrating from Antigua, James volunteered and worked with youth in Toronto as early as the 1970s at organizations such as the Black Education Project, Harriet Tubman Centre, Central Neighborhood House (working in Regent Park, St. Jamestown and Moss Park neighbourhoods) (1978-1980, 1987), and the Family Service Association in Etobicoke (1981-1983).

He pursued his education at York University and obtained a Bachelors (Hon.) in Sociology and Latin American & Caribbean in 1978, a Masters in Sociology in 1980, and a Doctorate in Sociology in 1986. Between 1980 and 1981, James completed courses in Graduate Social Work from the Faculty of Social Work at the University of Toronto.

In 1993, he joined York University's Faculty of Education. He has been cross-appointed to the graduate programs in the Department of Sociology since 1999, the Graduate Programmes in Social Work from 1995 to 2016, and Social and Political Thought from 2015. He has also been Visiting Course Director in the Department of Teacher Training at the University of Uppsala in Sweden from 1997 - 2013 where he taught an international course in Multicultural Education.

James combined his experience in community development work and advocacy with his academic and research interests to work with teacher candidates, faculty colleagues, teachers and community members in the Jane and Finch community, where since 1994, he has played a major role in the development of the York-Westview Partnership program that links local schools, the university, and the Jane/Finch community.

A prolific writer and researcher, James has authored, co-authored, edited and co-edited some 21 books, 75 book chapters, 38 journal articles, over a dozen educational resource material, many conference papers, and invited lectures, talks, and workshops. A number of his works are in Swedish and French. His first book (1990), Making It: Black Youth, Racism and Career Aspirations in a Big City remains an important reference on issues about identity construction and schooling of Black youth. In some of his recent publications, James has examined social, education and immigrant settlement issues in the Caribbean and Jamaica and Antigua in particular, and immigrant settlement and minority issues in Sweden.

His work focuses on the experiences of racialized youth, particularly African Canadians. His research and publications into experiences of difference due to race, ethnicity, class, and culture range from studying the schooling and university plans of students from urban and suburban neighborhoods, the complementary and contradictory nature of sports in the schooling and educational attainments of racialized students, to the social construction of marginalized males in relation to the racialization and norms of masculinity in schooling, and the capacity of multiculturalism as a state policy to address racism and discrimination. His interest in equity, diversity, inclusivity, and social justice informs his research and publications, including his examination of the educational performance and outcomes of students in higher education, and the importance of educational programs and curriculum that are responsive to the needs, interests, and aspirations of students. Areas of focus include the Jane and Finch neighbourhood, suburban areas in Toronto, and Canada.

Prior to his appointment to York University, his teaching experience includes positions at Ryerson Polytechnic Institute's Department of Sociology (1982-1983, 1988), Seneca College's Liberal Studies and Continuing Education Departments (1981-1989), Humber College's Continuing Education program (1990-1994), and Sheridan College an Instructor (1986-1993).

James has also held a number of visiting scholar/part-time course director appoints at Trent University's Department of Canadian Studies (1993), Queen's University's Geography Department (2001-2003, 2005, 2008) University of Western Sydney's School of Education (2003), Dalhousie University's School of Social Work (2006), University of Toronto's Graduate Program in the Faculty of Physical Education & Health (1996-2009), Mt. St. Vincent's University's Faculty of Education (2007, 2012), and the University of Alberta's Department of Educational Policy Studies (2015).

James was the university's Affirmative Action Officer from 2003 to 2006, the director of the Graduate Programme in Sociology from 2007 to 2008, the founding Director of the York Centre for Education and Community from 2008 to 2016, and the Affirmative Action, Equity and Inclusivity Officer of the university since 2016. In 2016, he was appointed for a five-year term as the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community & Diaspora, bringing a strong record of scholarship and community engagement to the position.

Examples of James' community service includes being appointed as an Advisor to the Ontario Minister of Education and Premier(2017-2018), a member of the Committee Advisory group of the Ontario Human Rights Commission (2017-), served on the Advisory Panel on Community Safety to the Toronto Police Services Board (2008-2009), member of the Board of Directors for the Youth Challenge Fund (with the United Way of Greater Toronto) (2006-2009), member of the Board of Directors for the Urban Alliance on Race Relations, Toronto (1997-1998), Advisory/Planning Committee for Alternative School (Nighana) with focus on African Studies (1995). He has also served on the board of the Joint Centre of Excellence for Research on Immigration & Settlement (2003-2009, chair in 2008) and on the Equity Committee of the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT) (2000-2009). He was also a member of the Executive Committee, & Chair, Equity & Diversity Committee the Royal Society of Canada (RSC) (2015-2018); and of the Equity Committee, Canadian Sociological Association (CSA), 2013 - 2016. Internationally, he serves a member of the National Advisory Committee of the National Conference on Race and Ethnicity in Higher Education (NCORE), University of Oklahoma, USA (2017- ).

His honours and awards include membership as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (2012), the Diaspora Award for Meritious Service from the Governor General of Antigua & Barbuda (2017), York Universit's Graduate Faculty Teaching Award (2017), Jackie Robinson Fortitude Award for Education (2014), Harry Jerome Award for Professional Excellence (Black Business and Professional Association (2013), African Canadian Achievement Award (Education) (2009), William P. Hubbard Award for Race Relations, City of Toronto (2008), New Pioneer Award: Skills for Change (March 2006), and President's Award of Excellence in Teaching, Sheridan College (1991). He has been included in the Who's Who in Black Canada (2006) and Canadian Who's Who (since 1998). In 2006, James received an Honourary Doctorate in Education from Uppsala University, Sweden.

Graham Reed (1923-1989) educator and author, was born and educated in the United Kingdom, receiving his PhD from Manchester University in 1966. After a brief teaching career in England, he emigrated to Canada in 1969 and joined the Psychology Department at Atkinson College, York University as chairman. He later served as dean of Graduate Studies (1973-1981), chair of the Department of Psychology, Glendon College (1982-1988), and was made a University Professor in 1984. Reed was the author of several scholarly works in the field of psychology, including 'The psychology of anomalous experience,'(1972) and 'Obsessional experience and compulsive behaviour,' (1985). He was also author of the novel, 'Fisher's Creek,' (1963), and the posthumous 'Walks in Waziristan,'.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Edward Clodd (1 July 1840, Margate, Kent – 16 March 1930) was an English banker, writer and anthropologist. He was the only surviving child of 7. He cultivated a very wide circle of literary and scientific friends, who periodically met at Whitsun gatherings at his home at Aldeburgh, Suffolk. Although born in Margate, where his father was captain of a trading brig, the family moved soon afterwards to Aldeburgh, his father's ancestors deriving from Parham and Framlingham in Suffolk. Born to a Baptist family, his parents wished him to become a minister, but he declined and instead went into accountancy and banking, moving to London in 1855.
He first worked for free for 6 months at an accountant's office in Cornhill in London when it was 14.
He worked for the London Joint Stock Bank from 1872 to 1915, and had residences both in London and Suffolk. He married his wife Eliza Garman, a doctor's daughter in 1862. He had 8 children with Eliza, though 2 died when they were young. Clodd was an early follower of the work of Charles Darwin and had personal acquaintance with Thomas Huxley and Herbert Spencer. He wrote biographies of all three men, and worked to popularise evolution through books like The Childhood of the World and The Story of Creation: A Plain Account of Evolution.
Clodd was an agnostic and wrote that the Genesis creation narrative of the Bible is similar to other religious myths and should not be read as a literal account. He wrote many popular books on evolutionary science. He wrote a biography of Thomas Henry Huxley and was a lecturer and popularizer of anthropology and evolution.
He was also a keen folklorist, joining the Folklore Society from 1878, and later becoming its president. He was chairman of the Rationalist Press Association from 1906 to 1913. He was a Suffolk Secretary of the Prehistoric Society of East Anglia from 1914-1916. He was a prominent member and officer of
the Omar Khayyam Club or 'O.K. Club', and organized the planting of the rose from Omar Khayyam's tomb onto the grave of Edward Fitzgerald at Boulge, Suffolk, at the Centenary gathering. Clodd was a critic of the paranormal and psychical research which he wrote were the result of superstition and the outcome of ignorance. He criticised the spiritualist writings of Oliver Lodge as non-scientific. His book Question: A Brief History and Examination of Modern Spiritualism (1917) exposed fraudulent mediumship and the irrational belief in spiritualism.
Clodd had a talent for friendship, and liked to entertain his friends at literary gatherings in Aldeburgh at his seafront home there, Strafford House, at Whitsuntide. Prominent among his literary friends
and correspondents were Grant Allen, George Meredith, Thomas Hardy, George Gissing, Edward Fitzgerald, Andrew Lang, Cotter Morison, Samuel Butler, Mary Kingsley and Mrs Lynn Linton: he also counted Sir Henry Thompson, Sir William Huggins, Sir Laurence Gomme, Sir John Rhys, Paul Du Chaillu, Edward Whymper, Alfred Comyn Lyall, York Powell, William Holman Hunt, Sir E. Ray Lankester, H.G. Wells
and many others in his immediate circle. His hospitality and friendship was an important cement in the development of their social connections.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Clodd .

Listed as the co-editor of a 1917 edition of Cicero's "Pro Sexto Roscio Amerino oratio ad iudices" along with Karl Helm. Also published "Suggestions on aesthetics" in "Mind" 6 (24):511-525 (1897) .
Described by Welby as a classicist?

An American choreographer and founder of the Paul Taylor Dance Company.

"Distinguished critic born in Montreal, Quebec ... He was the first national chairman of the Canadian Theatre Critics Association and founding chairman of the Toronto Drama Bench.
He studied at the École des beaux arts before becoming a stage designer. He soon was directing, particularly for the Montreal Repertory Theatre and Crest Theatre. He was appointed to the executive of the Dominion Drama Festival. ...He began as radio editor and then was film, dance and theatre critic for The Montreal Gazette (1935-49) before he was invited to take the same post at The Globe and Mail (1949). By 1952 he was concentrating his critical attention more on theatre until his retirement in 1975. However, after retirement and as critic emeritus, he continued to cover theatre for the Globe and Mail from New York and London and as he travelled to Russia, Greece, Israel, France, China and Australia." (Source: http://www.canadiantheatre.com/dict.pl?term=Whittaker%2C%20Herbert)

Author of "The Way of the Buddha" (1906).

Bernard Ostry (1927-2006), public servant and educator, was born in Wadena, Saskatchewan and spent his youth in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He was educated at the University of Manitoba (BA, 1948) and in London, England. While in London, Ostry taught at the University of London and at the London School of Economic, as well as at the University of Birmingham (1951-1958). Ostry began a second career in 1959 when he was appointed executive secretary-treasurer of the Commonwealth Institute of Social Research (1959-1961). When he returned to Canada in the latter year he held similar positions in both the Social Science and Humanities Research Councils (1961-1963). He joined the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation as an on-air personality in 1960 and was named supervisor, Department of Public Affairs (radio & television) in 1963, serving until 1968. In that year, Ostry was appointed chief consultant to the Canadian Radio Television Commission, as well as serving on the Prime Minister's Task Force on Government Information. In 1970 Ostry began his career in the federal civil service, first as assistant under-secretary of state (citizenship) (1970-1973), then as deputy minister and secretary-general of the National Museum (1974-1978) and finally as a deputy minister of Communications (1978-1980). Following a year in Paris, Ostry joined the Ontario civil service and served successively as deputy minister in the following portfolios: Industry and Tourism (1981-1982), Industry and Trade (1982-1984) and Citizenship and Culture (1984-1985). In the following year he was named chair and president of the Ontario Educational Communications Authority (TV Ontario), remaining in that post until 1991. In addition to his professional activities, Ostry has been a member and officer in several bodies in Canada and abroad, including the Canadian Conference for the Arts, Heritage Canada, the Administrative Council of the International Fund for the Promotion of Culture, UNESCO, Paris, the Canadian Museums Association, the International Institute of Communications, Guelph University, the Stratford Festival, the Canadian Native Arts Foundation, the National Ballet School (Canada), and others. He is the author of several books, articles, and reports, including 'Research in the humanities and in the social sciences in Canada,' (1962), 'The cultural connection,' (1978) and, with H.S. Ferns, 'The age of Mackenzie King,' vol. 1 (1955). He died in Toronto on May 24, 2006.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Alexander Devine (often Lex.) (19 December 1865—26 December 1930) was a British educator and activist for Montenegrin independence.

He became involved in social work at an early point, founding the Lads' Club Movement in 1887. He was an advocate for public school reform, and, in 1895, founded Clayesmore School in Middlesex.

He was a special correspondent for the Daily Chronicle covering the 1906 Summer Olympics in Athens, and the First Balkan War.

During the First World War, he organised relief for Montenegro and for Montenegrin refugees, in 1920 serving as Chairman of the British Relief Committee to Montenegro. He had a strong interest in Montenegrin nationalism, and published a number of books on the subject; he was at one point Honorary Minister for Montenegro in London. He was the uncle of George Devine, the actor, theatre director, and founder of the English Stage Company.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Devine .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Arthur Wellesley Peel, 1st Viscount Peel PC (3 August 1829 - 24 October 1912), was a British Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to 1895. He was Speaker of the House of Commons from 1884 until 1895 when he was raised to the peerage. Peel was the youngest son of the Conservative Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel by his wife Julia, daughter of General Sir John Floyd, 1st Baronet, and was named after Arthur Wellesley, the Duke of Wellington. He was educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford. Peel was elected Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Warwick in the 1865 general election and held the seat until 1885 when it was replaced under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885. From 1868 to 1873 he was Parliamentary Secretary to the Poor Law Board, and then became Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade. In 1873-1874 he was patronage secretary to the Treasury, and in 1880 he became Under-Secretary of State for Home Affairs in the second Gladstone government. On the retirement of Sir Henry Brand in 1884, Peel was elected Speaker of the House of Commons.

In the 1885 general election, Peel was elected for Warwick and Leamington. Throughout his career as Speaker, the Encyclopædia Britannica says, "he exhibited conspicuous impartiality, combined with a perfect knowledge of the traditions, usages and forms of the House, soundness of judgment, and readiness of decision upon all occasions." Though now officially impartial, Peel left the Liberal Party over the issue of Home Rule and became a Liberal Unionist. Peel was also an important ally of Charles Bradlaugh in Bradlaugh's campaigns to have the oath of allegiance changed to permit non-Christians, agnostics and atheists to serve in the House of Commons.

Peel retired at the 1895 general election and was created Viscount Peel, of Sandy in the County of Bedford. In 1896 he was chairman of a Royal Commission into the licensing laws. The Peel Report recommended that the number of licensed houses should be greatly reduced. This report was a valuable weapon in the hands of reformers. Peel married Adelaide, daughter of William Stratford Dugdale, in 1862. She died in December 1890. Lord Peel remained a widower until his death in October 1912, aged 83. They had seven children. He was succeeded by his eldest son William Wellesley Peel, who was created Earl Peel in 1929. Peel's second son the Hon. Arthur George Villiers Peel was a politician and author, and his third son the Hon. Sidney Peel was also a politician and was created a Baronet in 1936. Peel′s middle daughter the Hon. Agnes Mary Peel (1871-1959) married the Unionist politician Charles Sydney Goldman.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Peel,_1st_Viscount_Peel .

Robert MacLaren Fowler (1906-1980), barrister and corporate director, served as a member of staff on the Rowell-Sirois Commission on Dominion-Provincial Relations, 1937-1939. He practised law in Toronto and Ottawa (McCarthy & McCarthy; Gowling, Henderson), served as president of the Canadian Pulp and Paper Industry (1945-1972), and chaired the Executive Committee of the C.D. Howe Institute.

Clayton C. Ruby (1942-2022) is a lawyer and activist. Since 1976, he has been a partner with the law firm, Ruby and Edwardh, in Toronto, Ontario. Clayton Ruby received a B.A. from York University in 1963, an L.L.B. from the University of Toronto in 1967, and an L.L.M. from the University of California (Berkeley) in 1973. Since being called to the Bar in 1969, Ruby has maintained an extensive criminal, constitutional and administrative law practice and has served as counsel in numerous high profile human rights, aboriginal, and criminal cases. He is also a Bencher of the Law Society of Upper Canada. In addition to his legal practice, Ruby has been a prominent member of the environment and human rights community. His memberships and affiliations include: Director of Earthroots, Director of Greenpeace Charitable Foundation, Director of the Sierra Legal Defence Fund, Director of PEN Canada, Honorary Patron of the Native Men's Residence, and Community Associate of the Social Planning Council of Metropolitan Toronto. Ruby died in Toronto on August 2, 2022 at the age of 80.

Paul Herzberg is Professor Emeritus and Senior Scholar at York University. He was born on 23 September 1936 in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan and educated at Queen's University (B.A., Physics and Mathematics, 1958), Princeton University (A.M., Physics, 1961), and the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana (Ph.D., Psychology, 1967). Herzberg joined York University in 1966 and served in various teaching and administrative capacities. His teaching and research have focussed on statistics, including studies of the development of visual techniques, simulations of statistical phenomena, geometrical interpretations of multivariate statistics, etc.; notably, he developed a psychology statistics course with Professor Ron Sheese using the Keller Plan of teaching, which Herzberg taught and refined at York University for over 25 years. With the Keller Plan, students must master, to 80 per cent, each of the course modules before advancing to the next, and complete the required quizzes at their own pace. Herzberg was recognized for his exemplary teaching skills in 1996 when he was awarded the Parents' Association University Wide-Teaching Award.

John Davison Harbron (1924- ) is a journalist, author, a founding professor of York University's Atkinson College, and former lieutenant commander in the Royal Canadian Navy. Harbron was born and raised in Toronto. He completed his graduate studies at the University of Havana and returned to further his studies at the University of Toronto, receiving an M.A. in history in 1948. After teaching at the Canadian Services College, Royal Roads, Victoria (1948-1951), he served in the Canadian Navy in the Korean War. Harbron worked for several business and daily newspapers including service as the Canadian editor of Business week (1956-1960), Canadian correspondent for The Miami Herald (1976-1999), editor of Executive magazine (1961-1966), associate editor of the Toronto Telegram, (1966-1971), and foreign analyst for Thomson Newspapers (1972-1990). He was a founder and first vice president of the Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies (1976-1990) and became a senior research associate there in 1990. Harbron is the author of several books including Communist ships and shipping (1963), This is Trudeau (1968), Canada without Quebec (1977), C.D. Howe (1980), Spanish foreign policy since Franco (1984), The longest battle, the Royal Canadian Navy in the Atlantic: 1939-1945 (1993), Canadian yesterdays (2001), and Trafalgar and the Spanish Navy: the Spanish achievement at sea (2004). Harbron is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts (London) and has received a number of honours, including the Spanish Order of Isabella the Catholic (1969), the Maria Moors Cabot Medal for Latin American Journalism (1970) from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, New York, the Queen's Silver Jubilee Medal (1977), and an honorary D.Litt from York University for his contributions to Atkinson College as well as his academic work in Latin American studies.

Hugh Ian Macdonald (1929- ) was born in Toronto, Ontario, and received his B.Comm. from the University of Toronto in 1952. He attended Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, earning his M.A. there in 1954 and B.Phil. (Econ.) in 1955. He began teaching at the University of Toronto in 1955, and was made Assistant Professor of Economics in 1962. In 1965 Macdonald joined the Government of Ontario Department of Economics and Development as Chief Economist, becoming Deputy Treasurer in 1967, Deputy Minister of Treasury and Economics in 1968, and Deputy Treasurer and Deputy Minister of Economics and Intergovernmental Affairs in 1972. He left the provincial government to serve as President of York University from 1974 to 1984, and was later named President Emeritus. From 1984 to 1994 Macdonald was the Director of York International, which administered projects in Kenya and other countries and sought to widen York University's international involvement. He continued to work at York University as Professor of Public Policy and Economics and Director of the Master of Public Administration Program. Macdonald has served as president, chairman, director, or member of numerous organizations. He was Chairman of the Ontario Advisory Committee on Confederation from 1965 to 1971 and from 1977 to 1982, and Chairman of IDEA (Innovation Development for Employment Advancement) Corporation from 1982 to 1986. His many other positions in community service include President of the Couchiching Institute on Public Affairs, Chairman of Hockey Canada, Trustee of the Lewis Perinbam Award, Board Member of the International Association of Universities, Governor of York-Finch Hospital, President of the Ticker Club, President of the Empire Club of Canada, Director of Aetna Canada, President of the World University Service of Canada, Board member of the North-South Institute, Vice-Chairman of the Board of Theatre Plus, and member of the Economic Council of Canada. Macdonald was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Toronto in 1974. He was named Officer of the Order of Canada in 1977 and a Knight of Grace of the Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem in 1978, and has received many other honours.

bill bissett (1939- ), poet, artist and musician, was born in Halifax and educated at the University of British Columbia where he received his B.A. in 1956. He founded Blewointment Press in 1962 as a medium for young poets and published several of his own volumes under its imprint. bissett is the author of several books of poetry including, Fires in the temple (1966), Nobody owns the earth (1972), Medicine my mouths on fire, (1974), Canada gees [sic] mate for life (1985), and Inkorrect thots [sic] (1992). bissett has held several solo art exhibits in Vancouver, Toronto and London (Ont.). In addition, he has recorded several albums with his band The Luddites including Luddites (1988), Shining spirit (1989), and Luddites dreemin uv th nite [sic] (1991).