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(from Wikipedia entry)

William George Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong, CB, FRS (26 November 1810 – 27 December 1900) was an effective Tyneside industrialist who founded the Armstrong Whitworth manufacturing empire. Married to Margaret Ramshaw. Author of "Electric Movement in Air and Water."

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Armstrong,_1st_Baron_Armstrong .

Mary Elizabeth (née Bulteel), Lady Ponsonby (1832-1916), Royal courtier and advocate of women's advancement; wife of Sir Henry Frederick Ponsonby; daughter of John Crocker Bulteel.

Granville Stanley Hall (February 1, 1844 - April 24, 1924) was a pioneering American psychologist and educator. His interests focused on childhood development and evolutionary theory. Hall was the first president of the American Psychological Association and the first president of Clark University. Born in Ashfield, Massachusetts, Hall graduated from Williams College in 1867, then studied at the Union Theological Seminary. Inspired by Wilhelm Wundt's Principles of Physiological Psychology, in 1878 he earned his doctorate in psychology under William James at Harvard University, the first psychology doctorate awarded in America After Hall graduated with his doctorate, there were no academic jobs available in psychology, so he went to Europe to study at the University of Berlin, and spent a brief time in Wundt's Leipzig laboratory in 1879.

He began his career by teaching English and philosophy at Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio, and then teaching history of philosophy at Williams College in Massachusetts. Following successful lecture series and Harvard and Johns Hopkins University, Hall secured a position in the philosophy department at Johns Hopkins, teaching psychology and pedagogy. He remained at Johns Hopkins from 1882-1888 and, in 1883, began what is considered by some to be the first formal American psychology laboratory. There, Hall objected vehemently to the emphasis on teaching traditional subjects, e.g., Latin, mathematics, science and history, in high school, arguing instead that high school should focus more on the education of adolescents than on preparing students for college.Hall was deeply wedded to the German concept of Volk, an anti-individualist and authoritarian romanticism in which the individual is dissolved into a transcendental collective. Hall believed that humans are by nature non-reasoning and instinct driven, requiring a charismatic leader to manipulate their herd instincts for the well-being of society. He predicted that the American emphasis on individual human right and dignity would lead to a fall that he analogized to the sinking of Atlantis.

Hall was one of the founders of the child study movement. A national network of study groups called Hall Clubs existed to spread his teaching. But what he is most known for today is supervising the 1896 study Of Peculiar and Exceptional Children which described a series of only child oddballs as permanent misfits. For decades, academics and advice columnists alike disseminated his conclusion that an only child could not be expected to go through life with the same capacity for adjustment that siblings possessed. "Being an only child is a disease in itself," he claimed.

Hall argued that child development recapitulates his highly racialized conception of the history of human evolutionary development. He characterized pre-adolescent children as savages and therefore rationalized that reasoning was a waste of time with children. He believed that children must simply be led to fear God, love country and develop a strong body. As the child burns out the vestiges of evil in his nature, he needs a good dose of authoritarian discipline, including corporal punishment. He believed that adolescents were characterized by more altruistic natures and that high schools should indoctrinate students into selfless ideals of service, patriotism, body culture, military discipline, love of authority, awe of nature and devotion to the state and well being of others. Hall consistently argued against intellectual attainment at all levels of public education. Open discussion and critical opinions were not to be tolerated. Students needed indoctrination to save them from the individualism that was so damaging to the progress of American culture.

Hall coined the phrase "storm and stress" with reference to adolescence, taken from the German Sturm und Drang movement. Its three key aspects are conflict with parents, mood disruptions, and risky behavior. As was later the case with the work of Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget, public interest in this phrase, as well as with Hall's originating role, faded. Recent research has led to some reconsideration of the phrase and its denotation. In its three aspects, recent evidence supports storm and stress, but only when modified to take into account individual differences and cultural variations. Currently, psychologists do not accept storm and stress as universal, but do acknowledge the possibility in brief passing. Not all adolescents experience storm and stress, but storm and stress is more likely during adolescence than at other ages.

Hall had no sympathy for the poor, the sick or those with developmental differences or disabilities. A firm believer in selective breeding and forced sterilization, Hall believed that any respect or charity toward those he viewed as physically, emotionally, or intellectually weak or "defective" simply interfered with the movement of natural selection toward the development of a super-race.

Paul James Dwyer is a dancer, choreographer, collector, writer and founder of Dance Oremus Danse. Upon graduating from high school in 1973, Dwyer became interested in a dance career. At that time, he also began his extensive collection of Isadora Duncan and French Baroque dance materials. Dwyer's professional debut as a solo dancer and choreographer came in 1977 at 15 Dance Lab in Toronto. He went on to participate in group dance performances, to direct shows, and to tour the United States as a guest-artist with "Dancers for Isadora" and the Turtle Bay Music School, N.Y.C. In 1983, he founded Dance Oremus Danse in Toronto. Dwyer also collects and writes about Isadora Duncan, early music, and Baroque dance. He is a member of Dance Ontario, the American Liszt Society, Toronto Early Music Centre, and the Canadian Representative of the Isadora Duncan International Institute.

Author of mathematics textbooks, including "The teaching of elementary mathematics", "Theoretical geometry ", "Further mechanics and hydrostatics."

Lilias Torrance Newton was an artist, born Lachine, Quebec 3 November 1896, died in Cowansville, Quebec 10 January 1980.

Part of an important group of women artists to emerge from Montreal between the wars, Lilias Torrance Newton was one of Canada's most successful and respected portrait painters. In some 300 portraits of friends, fellow-artists and leading Canadian figures, she conveyed sympathy for her subjects and an understanding of character. Of her subjects, it was her intimate circle that inspired her best work, notable for its informality and sometimes unconventional poses. Newton was the first Canadian to paint portraits of Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip.

Lilias Torrance was the daughter of Forbes Torrance, an amateur draughtsman and poet. She started taking drawing classes at the Art Association of Montreal at age twelve, and entered the school full-time at sixteen, studying under William Brymner. She moved to London during the First World War to volunteer with the Red Cross, and studied with the Polish-born painter Alfred Wolmark. Returning to Montreal after the war, Torrance established herself as a professional painter, at first creating portraits of friends and family members. She helped found the Beaver Hall Group, participating in its first exhibition early in 1921. In the summer, she married Fred G. Newton, and by the end of the year, had sold two paintings to the National Gallery of Canada. She spent four months in Paris in 1923, studying with the Russian artist Alexandre Jacovleff, considered a master draughtsman, and won an honourable mention at that year's Paris Salon. Soon after returning to Montreal, Lilias Newton was elected Associate of the Royal Canadian Academy. She would be made a full member, only the third woman to do so, in 1937.

Abandoned by her husband in 1931, Newton made a living during the Depression by taking commissions for portraits. When Eric Brown, Director of the National Gallery of Canada, commissioned her to paint him in 1931, he helped to solidify her reputation, and further important commissions followed. Newton also taught, first out of her studio, and from 1934 to 1940, at the Art Association of Montreal, along with Edwin Holgate. She attended the Kingston Conference in 1941, and as an unofficial war artist, was commissioned to paint two portraits of Canadian soldiers. After the war, she traveled across the country painting portraits of the Canadian elite, and in 1957 was commissioned to paint the royal couple.

Newton's drawing Nude Figure (c.1926) demonstrates her deft hand for strong sculptural forms. In Self-portrait (c.1929), she conveys her own strength of character and self-assuredness, using the warm, vibrant palette that is characteristic of her work. The unusual pose and strong triangular composition of Louis Muhlstock (c.1937) makes this one of Newton's most powerful portraits.

Lilias Newton was a founding member of the Canadian Group of Painters. She held an honorary doctorate from the University of Toronto (1972).

From National Gallery of Canada available at http://www.gallery.ca/en/see/collections/artist.php?iartistid=3986

Julia Stephen (nee Jackson) (1846-1895) was born in Calcutta, India to Dr. John Jackson (1804-1887) and his wife Maria Pattle Jackson (1818-1892). The youngest of three, Julia had two sisters, Adeline Maria Vaughan (1837-1881) and Mary Louisa Fisher (1840-1916).
The family moved back to England in 1848.

One of her aunts, Sara (1816-1867), married the Victorian politician and historian Henry Thoby Prinsep, whose home at Little Holland House was an important meeting place for writers, painters, and politicians. As the niece and goddaughter of photographer Julia Margaret Cameron, Julia became a the subject of several of her aunt's works. She was a favourite model of the Pre-Raphaelites and sat for Burne-Jones and G.F. Watts. She became a member of the artistic circle which gathered at Little Holland House.

Julia married Herbert Duckworth (1833-1870) on 4 May 1867. They had three children: George Herbert (1868); Stella (1869-1897) and Gerald de l'Etang (1870-1937). Herbert Duckworth died suddenly in 1870 at the age of 37.

Julia was introduced by her friend Anne Thackeray to Leslie Stephen, who at the time was married to Anne's sister Harriet. After the loss of his own spouse in 1875, the two became close and married in 1879. They had four children: Vanessa (1879–1961) married Clive Bell; Thoby (1880–1906); Virginia (1882–1941) married Leonard Woolf; and Adrian (1883–1948).

Julia was known for her care for the sick and dying. She travelled around London, working in hospitals and workhouses. She published Notes from Sick Rooms in 1883. She signed a petition against female suffrage in 1889, believing that a woman's role in society should be limited to philanthropy and the home.

She died of rheumatic fever in 1895.

Earle James Beattie, journalist, teacher and author, was born in 1916. He was a professor in the Social Science Department at Atkinson College. He played an important role in establishing the journalism school at Ryerson Polytechnical Institute in Toronto and taught at University of Western Ontario in London, Ont. He wrote many articles in Maclean's and Chatelaine, and published Canada's Billion Dollar Pension Scandal (1985). He died in 1992.

Brigadier-General George Gray Bell was a Vice-President at York University, Professor of Strategic Studies and decorated Second World War veteran. He was born in Toronto on May 24, 1920 and enlisted in the Canadian Army in 1940. In 1943, he graduated from the Royal Military College and served in the Netherlands and Germany in the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps (RCAC). Bell remained in the army after the war serving around the world in various capacities. He earned his PhD in International Relations from McGill University in 1972. In 1973, Bell became Assistant Deputy Minister to the Minister of the Treasury, Economics and Intergovernmental Affairs in the Government of Ontario. In 1976, he was appointed Executive Vice-President and Professor of Strategic Studies at York University. At York, Bell also founded and became the first President of the Canadian Institute of Strategic Studies (CISS). From 1984 until its dissolution in 1987, he was a founding director of the Canadian Institute for International Peace and Security (CIIPS). He received the Order of Canada in 1989. After his retirement Bell was the Honourary President of the RCAC Association, and he remained a senior research fellow at York until 1996. Bell died in Toronto, Ontario on October 15, 2000.

Stevie Cameron (1943-) is an investigative journalist and author. She was born in Belleville, Ontario and was educated at the University of British Columbia (B. A. 1964), University College, London England (1966-1968), and received chef training at the Cordon Bleu School in Paris (1974-1975). Cameron began her journalism career as a food writer, becoming the food editor at the Toronto Star in 1977. By the mid 1980s, she was covering political affairs for the Ottawa Citizen and was Weekly Ottawa Commentator both for CBC morning radio and for CBC TV's Newsday. She later became a national columnist for the Globe and Mail, host of CBC TV's The Fifth Estate, and contributing editor to Saturday Night Magazine. Cameron's monographs and investigative work about the backrooms and boardrooms of Ottawa and corporate Canada have earned her many honours and awards including Book and Author of the Year for ''On the Take' : Crime, Corruption and Greed in the Mulroney Years' (1994) from the Periodical Marketer's Awards (1995). 'Blue Trust: The Author, the Lawyer, His Wife and Her Money' (1998) won the 1998 Business Book of the Year Merit Award, and 'The Last Amigo : Karlheinz Schreiber and the Anatomy of a Scandal,' co-authored with Harvey Cashore (2001) also received the Best Crime Non-Fiction Book of the Year Arthur Ellis Award (Crime Writers' of Canada). Cameron earned the same Arthur Ellis Award for her most recent work 'On the Farm : Robert William Pickton and the Tragic Story of Vancouver's Missing Women' (2010); this work was also nominated for the 2011 Charles Taylor Prize for Literary Non-Fiction. She was named the Ryerson Journalism School's Atkinson Lecturer in 1995, and she earned the 1998 Quill Award from the Press Club of Windsor. Cameron has served as editor-in-chief of Elm Street magazine, a columnist with the Globe and Mail, a contributing editor to Maclean's, as well as a contributor to the Financial Post, Chatelaine and Canadian Living. Cameron has lectured on journalism at schools across the country. She is also known for her humanitarian work with the homeless. In 2004, she was recognized with an honorary Doctorate of Divinity from the Vancouver School of Theology.

Born 18 February 1856 in Deventer, Netherlands., Martha van Vloten was the daughter of polymath, theologian, scientist, philosopher and free thinker Johannes von Vloten (18 January 1818 - 21 September 1883) and his wife Elisabeth van Gennep.
She had two sisters Betsy and Kitty. and four brothers: William, Frank, Odo and Gerlof.
Betsy married painter Willem Witsen and later ethnomusiologist Johann Sebastian Brandts Buys. Kitty married the poet Albert Verwey.
The Van Vloten daughers were brought up in a free thinking household where women's education was encouraged. All three daughters attended the School for Girls in Haarlem.
Martha was a translator of Hans Christian Andersen's work.
She married the psychiatrist and utopian Frederick van Eeden on 15 April 1886. Together they had two sons, Hans and Paul.
The couple divorced 29 July 1907.
Martha Van Vloten died 10 June 1943.

For more information, see: https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_van_Vloten and https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_van_Eeden_(schrijver).

(from Wikipedia entry)
Jules Henri Poincaré (French: 29 April 1854 - 17 July 1912) was a French mathematician, theoretical physicist, engineer, and a philosopher of science. He is often described as a polymath, and in mathematics as The Last Universalist by Eric Temple Bell, since he excelled in all fields of the discipline as it existed during his lifetime.

As a mathematician and physicist, he made many original fundamental contributions to pure and applied mathematics, mathematical physics, and celestial mechanics. He was responsible for formulating the Poincaré conjecture, which was one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics until it was solved in 2002-2003. In his research on the three-body problem, Poincaré became the first person to discover a chaotic deterministic system which laid the foundations of modern chaos theory. He is also considered to be one of the founders of the field of topology.

Poincaré made clear the importance of paying attention to the invariance of laws of physics under different transformations, and was the first to present the Lorentz transformations in their modern symmetrical form. Poincaré discovered the remaining relativistic velocity transformations and recorded them in a letter to Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz (1853-1928) in 1905. Thus he obtained perfect invariance of all of Maxwell's equations, an important step in the formulation of the theory of special relativity.

The Poincaré group used in physics and mathematics was named after him. Poincaré was born on 29 April 1854 in Cité Ducale neighborhood, Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle into an influential family. His father Leon Poincaré (1828-1892) was a professor of medicine at the University of Nancy. His adored younger sister Aline married the spiritual philosopher Emile Boutroux. Another notable member of Henri's family was his cousin, Raymond Poincaré, who would become the President of France, 1913 to 1920, and a fellow member of the Académie française. He was raised in the Roman Catholic faith. However, he later on became an agnostic and criticized religious dogmas particularly with respect to the mixing of theology and science. fter receiving his degree, Poincaré began teaching as junior lecturer in mathematics at the University of Caen in Normandy (in December 1879). At the same time he published his first major article concerning the treatment of a class of automorphic functions.

There, in Caen, he met his future wife, Louise Poulin d'Andesi (Louise Poulain d'Andecy) and on April 20, 1881, they married. Together they had four children: Jeanne (born 1887), Yvonne (born 1889), Henriette (born 1891), and Léon (born 1893).

Poincaré immediately established himself among the greatest mathematicians of Europe, attracting the attention of many prominent mathematicians. In 1881 Poincaré was invited to take a teaching position at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Paris; he accepted the invitation. During the years of 1883 to 1897, he taught mathematical analysis in École Polytechnique.

In 1881-1882, Poincaré created a new branch of mathematics: the qualitative theory of differential equations. He showed how it is possible to derive the most important information about the behavior of a family of solutions without having to solve the equation (since this may not always be possible). He successfully used this approach to problems in celestial mechanics and mathematical physics. He never fully abandoned his mining career to mathematics. He worked at the Ministry of Public Services as an engineer in charge of northern railway development from 1881 to 1885. He eventually became chief engineer of the Corps de Mines in 1893 and inspector general in 1910.

Beginning in 1881 and for the rest of his career, he taught at the University of Paris (the Sorbonne). He was initially appointed as the maître de conférences d'analyse (associate professor of analysis). Eventually, he held the chairs of Physical and Experimental Mechanics, Mathematical Physics and Theory of Probability, and Celestial Mechanics and Astronomy.

In 1887, at the young age of 32, Poincaré was elected to the French Academy of Sciences. He became its president in 1906, and was elected to the Académie française in 1909.

In 1887, he won Oscar II, King of Sweden's mathematical competition for a resolution of the three-body problem concerning the free motion of multiple orbiting bodies.

In 1893, Poincaré joined the French Bureau des Longitudes, which engaged him in the synchronisation of time around the world. In 1897 Poincaré backed an unsuccessful proposal for the decimalisation of circular measure, and hence time and longitude. It was this post which led him to consider the question of establishing international time zones and the synchronisation of time between bodies in relative motion. (See #Work on relativity section below)

In 1899, and again more successfully in 1904, he intervened in the trials of Alfred Dreyfus. He attacked the spurious scientific claims of some of the evidence brought against Dreyfus, who was a Jewish officer in the French army charged with treason by colleagues.

In 1912, Poincaré underwent surgery for a prostate problem and subsequently died from an embolism on 17 July 1912, in Paris. He was 58 years of age. He is buried in the Poincaré family vault in the Cemetery of Montparnasse, Paris. Poincaré had two notable doctoral students at the University of Paris, Louis Bachelier (1900) and Dimitrie Pompeiu (1905) Poincaré made many contributions to different fields of pure and applied mathematics such as: celestial mechanics, fluid mechanics, optics, electricity, telegraphy, capillarity, elasticity, thermodynamics, potential theory, quantum theory, theory of relativity and physical cosmology.

He was also a popularizer of mathematics and physics and wrote several books for the lay public.

Poincaré's work habits have been compared to a bee flying from flower to flower. Poincaré was interested in the way his mind worked; he studied his habits and gave a talk about his observations in 1908 at the Institute of General Psychology in Paris. He linked his way of thinking to how he made several discoveries.

The mathematician Darboux claimed he was un intuitif (intuitive), arguing that this is demonstrated by the fact that he worked so often by visual representation. He did not care about being rigorous and disliked logic. (Despite this opinion, Jacques Hadamard wrote that Poincaré's research demonstrated marvelous clarity. and Poincaré himself wrote that he believed that logic was not a way to invent but a way to structure ideas and that logic limits ideas.) Poincaré had philosophical views opposite to those of Bertrand Russell and Gottlob Frege, who believed that mathematics was a branch of logic. Poincaré strongly disagreed, claiming that intuition was the life of mathematics. Poincaré gives an interesting point of view in his book Science and Hypothesis:

For a superficial observer, scientific truth is beyond the possibility of doubt; the logic of science is infallible, and if the scientists are sometimes mistaken, this is only from their mistaking its rule.

Poincaré believed that arithmetic is a synthetic science. He argued that Peano's axioms cannot be proven non-circularly with the principle of induction (Murzi, 1998), therefore concluding that arithmetic is a priori synthetic and not analytic. Poincaré then went on to say that mathematics cannot be deduced from logic since it is not analytic. His views were similar to those of Immanuel Kant (Kolak, 2001, Folina 1992). He strongly opposed Cantorian set theory, objecting to its use of impredicative definitions.

However, Poincaré did not share Kantian views in all branches of philosophy and mathematics. For example, in geometry, Poincaré believed that the structure of non-Euclidean space can be known analytically. Poincaré held that convention plays an important role in physics. His view (and some later, more extreme versions of it) came to be known as "conventionalism". Poincaré believed that Newton's first law was not empirical but is a conventional framework assumption for mechanics. He also believed that the geometry of physical space is conventional. He considered examples in which either the geometry of the physical fields or gradients of temperature can be changed, either describing a space as non-Euclidean measured by rigid rulers, or as a Euclidean space where the rulers are expanded or shrunk by a variable heat distribution. However, Poincaré thought that we were so accustomed to Euclidean geometry that we would prefer to change the physical laws to save Euclidean geometry rather than shift to a non-Euclidean physical geometry. Poincaré's famous lectures before the Société de Psychologie in Paris (published as Science and Hypothesis, The Value of Science, and Science and Method) were cited by Jacques Hadamard as the source for the idea that creativity and invention consist of two mental stages, first random combinations of possible solutions to a problem, followed by a critical evaluation.

Although he most often spoke of a deterministic universe, Poincaré said that the subconscious generation of new possibilities involves chance.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Poincar%C3%A9 .

Andrew Cecil Bradley (March 26, 1851 – September 2, 1935) was an English literary scholar, best remembered for his work on Shakespeare.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._C._Bradley.

David George Hogarth (23 May 1862 - 6 November 1927) was a British archaeologist and scholar associated with T. E. Lawrence and Arthur Evans.D.G. Hogarth was the son of Reverend George Hogarth, Vicar of Barton-upon-Humber, and Jane Elizabeth (Uppleby) Hogarth. He had a sister three years younger, Janet E. Courtney, an author and feminist. In one of his autobiographical works, Hogarth claimed to be an antiquary who was made so rather than born to it. He said, "nothing disposed me to my trade in early years." Those years included a secondary education, 1876-1880, at Winchester College, which claims to be, and was labeled by Hogarth as, "our oldest Public School."

Between 1887 and 1907, Hogarth travelled to excavations in Cyprus, Crete, Egypt, Syria, Melos, and Ephesus (the Temple of Artemis). On the island of Crete, he excavated Zakros. Hogarth was named director of the British School at Athens in 1897 and occupied the position until 1900. He was the keeper of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford from 1909 until his death in 1927. In 1915, during World War I, Hogarth joined the Geographical Section of the Naval Intelligence Division. He also was the acting director of the Arab Bureau for a time during the war, with Kinahan Cornwallis as his deputy.[citation needed] Hogarth was close with T.E. Lawrence. He worked closely with Lawrence to plan the Arab Revolt.

From 1925 to 1927 he was President of the Royal Geographical Society

On 7 November 1894, D. G. Hogarth had married Laura Violet Uppleby, daughter of one George Charles Uppleby. Laura and Jane Elizabeth Uppleby shared a common great great grandfather, one John Uppleby of Wootton, Linconlnshire. Laura Violet was 26 at the time; David George, 32. They had one son, William David Hogarth (1901-1965). Author of 'A Wandering Scholar in the LEvant", "Accidents of an Antiquary's Life", "The Nearer East".

Author.

Richard Holt Hutton (2 June 1826 - 9 September 1897) was an English journalist of literature and religion.The son of Joseph Hutton, a Unitarian minister, Richard Holt Hutton was born at Leeds. His family moved to London in 1835, and he was educated at University College School and University College, London, where he began a lifelong friendship with Walter Bagehot, whose works he later edited. He took his degree in 1845, and was awarded the gold medal for philosophy. Meanwhile he had also studied for short periods at Heidelberg and Berlin, and in 1847 he entered Manchester New College with the idea of becoming a minister like his father, and studied there under James Martineau. He was not, however, called on by any church, and for some time his future was unsettled. In 1851, he married his cousin, Anne Roscoe, and became joint-editor with J. L. Sanford of the Inquirer, the principal Unitarian organ. His innovations and unconventional views about stereotyped Unitarian doctrines caused alarm, and in 1853 he resigned. His health had broken down, and he visited the West Indies, where his wife died of yellow fever. In 1855 Hutton and Bagehot became joint editors of the National Review, a new monthly which lasted for ten years. During this time Hutton's theological views, influenced directly by Frederick William Robertson and John Frederick Denison Maurice, gradually came closer to those of the Church of England, which he ultimately joined. He brought to his study of theology a spirituality of outlook and an aptitude for metaphysical inquiry and exposition which made his writings more attractive. In 1861 he joined Meredith Townsend as joint editor and part proprietor of the Spectator, then a well-known liberal weekly, but it did not pay. Hutton took charge of the literary side of the paper, and gradually his own articles became one of the best-known features of serious and thoughtful English journalism. The Spectator, which gradually became a prosperous property, was an outlet for his views, particularly on literary, religious and philosophical subjects, in opposition to the agnostic and rationalistic opinions then current in intellectual circles, as popularized by T. H. Huxley.

Hutton had many friends, and became one of the most respected and influential journalists of the day. He was an original member of the Metaphysical Society (1869). He was an anti-vivisectionist, and a member of the Royal Commission (1875) on that subject, which led to the Cruelty to Animals Act 1876. In 1858 he married Eliza Roscoe, a cousin of his first wife; she died early in 1897, and Hutton's own death followed in the same year.

Among his other publications may be mentioned Essays, Theological and Literary (1871; revised 1888), and Criticisms on Contemporary Thought and Thinkers (1894); and his opinions may be studied compendiously in the selections from his Spectator articles published in 1899 under the title of Aspects of Religious and Scientific Thought.

From Wikipedia entry:
George Wyndham PC (29 August 1863 - 8 June 1913) was a British Conservative politician, Statesman man of letters, noted for his elegance, and one of The Souls. Wyndham was the elder son of the Honourable Percy Wyndham, third son of George Wyndham, 1st Baron Leconfield, and he was a direct descendant of Sir John Wyndham. His mother was Madeleine, sixth daughter of Major-General Sir Guy Campbell, 1st Baronet, and Pamela, through whom he was the great-grandson of the Irish Republican leader, Lord Edward FitzGerald, whom Wyndham greatly resembled physically. Wyndham was educated at Eton and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He joined the Coldstream Guards in March 1883, serving through the Suakin campaign of 1885. 1887 Wyndham became private secretary to Mr Arthur Balfour (afterwards the Earl of Balfour) 1889 Wyndham was elected unopposed to the House of Commons as Member of Parliament (MP) for Dover, and held the seat until his death. In 1898 he was appointed Under-Secretary of State for War under Lord Salisbury, which he remained until 1900. He was closely involved in Irish affairs at two points. Having been private secretary to Arthur Balfour during the years around 1890 when Balfour was Chief Secretary for Ireland, Wyndham was himself made Chief Secretary by Salisbury in 1900.

Wyndham furthered the 1902 Land Conference and also successfully saw the significant 1903 Irish Land Act into law. This change in the law ushered in the most radical change in history in Ireland's land ownership. Before it, Ireland's land was largely owned by landlords; within years of the Acts, most of the land was owned by their former tenants, who had been subverted in their purchases by government subsidies. This could without exaggeration be called the most radical change in Irish life in history.

He brought forward a devolution scheme to deal with the Home Rule question co-ordinated with the Irish Reform Association conceived by his permanent under-secretary Sir Antony MacDonnell (afterwards Baron) and with the approval of the Lord Lieutenant the Earl of Dudley.

He resigned along with the rest of the Unionist government in May 1905.

Wyndham was the leader of the "die-hard" opponents in the House of Commons of the Parliament Bill that became Parliament Act 1911. Wyndham married Sibell Mary in 1887, Countess Grosvenor, daughter of Richard Lumley, 9th Earl of Scarbrough. After the death of her first husband Victor Grosvenor, Earl Grosvenor, son of the 1st Duke of Westminster. She was Wyndham's senior by eight years. Towards the end of his life the couple settled at Clouds House in Wiltshire, designed for his father Percy Wyndham by the Arts and Crafts movement architect, Philip Webb (1886). In 1911 he succeeded his father and had the management of a small landed estate on his hands.

Wyndham died suddenly June 1913 in Paris, France, aged 49 of a blood clot. He was survived by his wife and one son.

Lady Sibell died in February 1929, aged 73. There has been speculation over the years that Wyndham was the natural father of Anthony Eden, who was Prime Minister from 1955-7. Eden's mother, Sybil, Lady Eden, was evidently close to Wyndham, to whom Eden bore a striking resemblance.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Wyndham .

Otto Friedman (1905-1978), born and educated in Prague, emigrated to England in the 1930s where he served the Czechoslovak government-in-exile during the German occupation of his native country. He taught in English universities (London, Oxford, Reading) following graduation from the London School of Economics in 1947 and he worked as a management consultant in London prior to moving to Canada in 1968. In Canada he taught at the University of Western Ontario, the University of Waterloo and the University of Toronto, 1968-1971. In the latter year he joined the faculty of York University as a visiting professor in the Division of Social Science and the Faculty of Environmental Studies where he remained until his death in 1978. Friedman was the author of several books, articles, and lectures in the fields of sociology, organizational theory and practise, and psychology, and produced Czech translations of several works of Freud. His own titles included 'The dangers of fascism,' (1931), 'The break-up of Czech democracy,' (1950, 1971), as well as lectures on 'Productivity in retailing and staff management,' (1956), 'Management ideologies and organizational change,' (1967) and others. In addition he was an avid chess player and contributed newspaper articles, and television and radio programmes on the game while living in Toronto.

Canadian dancer and choreographer who is considered a mentor to several generations of modern dancers.
The Toronto Dance Theatre was founded in 1968 by Patricia Beatty, founder of The New Dance Group of Canada, Peter Randazzo, principal dancer with the Martha Graham Company, & David Earle, former artistic director of London Contemporary Dance Theatre. The three danced together for one of only a few times on Randazzo's first choreographic venture "Fragments". Beattie, Randazzo and Earle stepped down as artistic directors in the spring of 1983 and were replaced by Kenny Pearl. The present artistic director of the Toronto Dance Theatre is Christopher House. Since their first performance in 1968, the Toronto Dance Theatre has performed in every province across Canada and have toured in the United States, Europe and Asia. The majority of the company's repertoire consists of the choreography of the three founders including "Against Sleep"(Beatty 1968), "Court of Miracles" (Earle 1982), and "A Simple Melody" (Randazzo 1977). House, who choreographed "Glass Houses" (1983), won a Jean A. Chalmers award for his achievements.

Ellen Baar (d. 1998) was a professor at York University in the Division of Social Science. After completing Grade 12, Baar attended Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts, and the University of Michigan where she studied international relations and psychology. Soon after, she worked at the Mental Health Research Institute, and the Institute for Social Research before returning to school in 1961 to study international relations at Northwestern University and social psychology at the University of Michigan graduate school. Baar left Michigan in 1964 to begin a family but returned to teaching and research at York in 1971 where she worked until her death in 1998. She taught the course 'Canadian Problems' and her research covered a variety of topics, such as environmental regulation, studied from the perspective of social organization. To facilitate this research, Baar was a corresponding member of numerous federal and Greater Vancouver Regional District environmental and air quality committees. Books edited or authored by Baar include "Social Conflict and Environmental Law: Ethics, Economics and Equity," and "Inventory of Regulatory Approaches to Achieving Compliance." Baar was also very active in the York community and the York University Faculty Association on matters related to equity and fairness. She served YUFA for over 15 years on a wide range of issues including pay equity, financial analysis and the strike of 1997. In addition, she sat on the Joint Pay Equity Committee from its formation in 1993 and the Joint Study Committee for Affirmative Action for Women. She was the author of their final report in 1987. To honour her life and achievements, the Ellen Baar Award in Social Science was created in 1998.

An African-American dancer and international ballet teacher who was one of the founders of the American Dance Legacy Initiative and the Harlem Dance Foundation. she studied at the Matha Graham Dance School and danced with the Paul Taylor Dance Company

(From Wikipedia entry)

Albert Basil Orme Wilberforce (14 February 1841-13 May 1916) was an Anglican priest and author.

Born in Winchester as the younger son of Samuel Wilberforce, he was educated at Eton College and Exeter College, Oxford and ordained in 1866. He was chaplain to the Bishop of Oxford and then held curacies at Cuddesdon, Seaton and Southsea. He was Rector of St. Mary's, Southampton from 1871 to 1894, and an Honorary Canon of Winchester. In April 1894 he was appointed Canon of Westminster Abbey and Rector of the parish church of St John the Evangelist, annexed to Westminster. He was appointed Chaplain of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in 1896 and Archdeacon of Westminster in 1900. He died in post on 13 May 1916.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basil_Wilberforce .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Arthur Penrhyn Stanley (13 December 1815 - 18 July 1881) was an English churchman, Dean of Westminster, known as Dean Stanley. His position was that of a Broad Churchman and he was the author of works on Church History.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Stanley_(priest) .

George Williams Brown (1894-1963) was a Canadian historian, educator, and editor. Born in Glencoe, Ontario, Brown received his B.A. from Victoria College, University of Toronto in 1915 and a M.A. and PhD from the University of Chicago in 1924. After teaching at the University of Michigan in 1924, he returned to the University of Toronto the following year and remained as a professor in the Department of History until his retirement in 1962, and became Professor Emeritus in 1963. Brown served as editor of the 'Canadian Historical Review' (1930-1946), and the University of Toronto Press (1946-1953). He was the founding general editor of the 'Dictionary of Canadian Biography', remaining in this position until his death in 1963. He also served as honorary editor of the Royal Society of Canada, where he was also elected a fellow in 1945, and as honorary editor on the editorial committee of the Canadian Social Science Research Council.

Brown was also a prolific writer and the author of several books and articles dealing with Canadian history, Canadian-American relations and Canada's role in the world. Among his titles were, 'Readings in Canadian History' (1941), 'Building the Canadian Nation' (1942), and 'Canada' (1950), for which he served as general editor.

Harald Høffding (11 March 1843 - 2 July 1931) was a Danish philosopher and theologian.
Born and educated in Copenhagen, he became a schoolmaster, and ultimately in 1883 a professor at the University of Copenhagen. He was strongly influenced by Søren Kierkegaard in his early development, but later became a positivist, retaining and combining with it the spirit and method of practical psychology and the critical school.
The physicist Niels Bohr studied philosophy from and became a friend of Høffding.

Høffding died in Copenhagen.

Peter Morris, film studies pioneer, was born in Blackpool, UK in 1937. After completing a Bachelor of Science from the University of Nottingham in 1958 and a Masters of Science with a focus in chemistry from the University of British Columbia in 1961, his interest shifted to Canadian film.

Morris moved to Ottawa to become the founding curator of the Canadian Film Archives after a warehouse containing Canada's historic films burned down in 1967. He also taught at several universities including McMaster, Carleton, and the University of Ottawa. From 1976 to 1988, Morris accepted a position at Queen's University in the film department. During this time, he authored "The Film Companion" in 1984 and was praised by the francophone community for including French films in his book. Morris then accepted a position at York University in 1988 where he served as director of the Graduate Program in Film from 1991 to 1994, chair of the Department of Film from 1993 to 1996, and coordinator of the interdisciplinary Fine Arts Cultural Studies Program from 1999 to 2003 in the Faculty of Fine Arts. In 2002, Morris retired from the university at the rank of Professor Emeritus. Morris also served on the committee of the International Federation of Film archives from 1966 to 1969 and 1972 to 1973, was the founding president of the Film Studies Association of Canada, and the founding editor of the Canadian Journal of Film Studies from 1989 to 1993.

Morris authored many books including an English translation of Georges Sadoul's "Dictionary of Films and Dictionary of Film Makers" (1972), "Embattled Shadows: A History of Canadian Cinema 1885-1939" the first detailed history of Canadian cinema (1978), "The Film Companion" (1984) for which he was praised by the francophone community for the inclusion of French Canadian films, and "David Cronenberg: A Delicate Balance" (1994). He was working on a manuscript covering Canadian film and television from 1939 to 1968, when he died on 2 February 2011 in Hamilton, Ontario.

Judith Rudakoff, playwright, author, and professor, was educated at McGill (BA), the University of Alberta (MA), and the University of Toronto (PhD). She was the literary manager and resident dramaturge for a number of Toronto theatres including Toronto Free Theatre, Canadian Stage Company, and Theatre Passe Muraille and has worked with both new and established playwrights throughout Canada. She is the author or editor of a number of works on dramaturgy, contemporary Canadian theatre and Cuban theatre including "Fair Play: Conversations with Canadian Women Playwrights," "Dangerous Traditions: A Passe Muraille Anthology," and "Questionable Activities: Canadian Theatre Artists in Conversation with Canadian Theatre Students." She has been an Associate Professor in the Theatre Department of the Faculty of Fine Arts at York University since 1989 and has lectured on topics including cultural identity and the role of archetypes in artistic creation in such diverse places as Cuba, Denmark, South Africa, England and the United States. She was awarded the Dean's Prize for Teaching Excellence in the Faculty of Fine Arts and the University Wide Teaching Prize for her work. She was also awarded the Elliott Hayes Prize in Dramaturgy for her work on South Asian choreographer Lata Pada's multidisciplinary work "Revealed by Fire."

John Tupper Saywell (1929- ), author and educator, was educated in Canada and the United States receiving the PhD from Harvard University. He taught at the University of Toronto, 1954-1962, before accepting a post as professor of history and dean of the Faculty of Arts at York University in 1963. He currently serves as University Professor, professor of environmental studies and chairman of the graduate programme in history. Saywell served as editor of the 'Canadian historical review,'(1957-1963) and as editor of the 'Canadian annual review,' (1960-1979). He is the author of several books and articles including, 'The office of the Lieutenant Governor,' (1986), 'Making the law,' (1991) and 'Just call me Mitch,' (1991).

Jeanne Lillian Randolph (1943- ), art theorist, writer and psychiatrist, was born in Morgantown, West Virginia, and grew up in Orange, Texas. She was educated at the Agnes College for Women in Decatur, Georgia (1961-1962) and attained a Bachelor of Arts in English language and literature from the University of Chicago in 1965. Randolph attended medical school at Columbia University in New York City (1966-1968) and at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles (1968-1970). An opponent of the Vietnam War, Randolph became a Canadian permanent resident in September 1970 and resumed her medical studies at University of Toronto, graduating in 1974. As a resident in psychiatry between 1975 and 1980, Randolph worked at the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Hospital and Toronto General Hospital. After completion of her residency in 1980, Randolph was an associate staff psychiatrist in the Department of Psychiatry at Toronto General Hospital and lectured at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto.

By the late 1970s, Randolph had begun writing about art using her background in psychoanalytic theory to develop what she termed "ficto-criticism". Her writing includes texts for many art exhibition catalogues and articles published in Canadian art periodicals such as "Vanguard", "Parachute", "Artforum", and "C magazine". Randolph's first book, "Psychoanalysis & synchronized swimming" was published in 1991, followed by "Symbolism and its discontents" (1997), "Why stoics box: essays on art and society" (2003), "Ethics of luxury: materialism and imagination" (2007), and "The critical object" (2010). Her writing has also appeared as chapters in numerous anthologies and other publications. Since the 1990s, Randolph has lectured/performed across Canada and appeared in multimedia art projects.

In addition to lecturing in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto, Randolph also taught art theory courses at the Ontario College of Art and Design (1993-1996) and at the University of Manitoba (2004-2005). She served on the curatorial advisory committee of the Power Plant Gallery at Toronto's Harbourfront Centre (1986-1990), on the board of directors for the Beaver Hall Artists' Cooperative (1990-1995), and was a board member of Toronto Arts for Youth (1998-2002).

William James (January 11, 1842 - August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist who was also trained as a physician. The first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States,
James was one of the leading thinkers of the late nineteenth century
and is believed by many to be one of the most influential philosophers
the United States has ever produced, while others have labelled him the
"Father of American psychology". Along with Charles Sanders Peirce and John Dewey, he is considered to be one of the greatest figures associated with the philosophical school known as pragmatism, and is also cited as one of the founders of functional psychology. He also developed the philosophical perspective known as radical empiricism. James' work has influenced intellectuals such as

(from Wikipedia entry)
Sir (George) Laurence Gomme, FSA (December 18, 1853–February 23, 1916) was a public servant and leading British folklorist. He helped found both the Victoria County History and the Folklore Society. He also had an interest in old buildings and persuaded the London County Council to take up the blue plaque commemorative scheme. Gomme was born in the London district of Stepney, the second of ten children of William Laurence Gomme (1828–1887), an engineer, and his wife Mary (1831–1921). He attended the City of London School to the age of sixteen, when he started work, first with a railway company, then with the Fulham board of works, finally, in 1873, with the Metropolitan Board of Works: he remained with it and its successor, the London County Council, until his retirement in 1914. His position as statistical officer, from 1893, and then as clerk to the council, from 1900, gave him a major role in policy and administration.

His interests included folklore and history. The former he shared with his wife Alice Bertha Gomme, born Alice Merck (1853–1938), whom he married on March 31, 1875. The couple had seven sons, including Arthur Allan Gomme, a librarian and historian of technology, and Arnold Wycombe Gomme, a noted classical scholar. Both Gomme and his wife were founder members of the Folklore Society in 1878; and Gomme went on to be its honorary secretary, director and president. Gomme wrote many books and articles on folklore, including Primitive Folk Moots (1880), Folklore Relics of Early Village Life (1883), Ethnology in Folklore (1892) and Folklore as a Historical Science (1908). His work in the field is now generally regarded as too dependent on a survivals theory, which tried to trace folk customs back to earlier stages of civilisation; but it retains value as a collection. His historical writings show a particular interest in the history of London, in books such as The Making of London (1912). Alongside his own works, his contribution to history includes the Victoria County History project, of which he was one of the founders. He also had a passion for old buildings and used his council position to protect threatened buildings and to advance the Survey of London, for which he also contributed historical material. Another overlap of his historical and professional interests was the blue plaque commemorative scheme, which he persuaded the council to take on in 1901: the 800th blue plaque to be awarded would later mark his own London residence in 24 Dorset Square.

He was knighted in 1911. Not long afterwards, in 1914, ill health caused him to retire early; and he died of pernicious anemia on February 23, 1916 at his country home in Long Crendon, Buckinghamshire.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_Gomme .

(From Wikipedia entry)

Thomas Whittaker (1856-1935) was an English metaphysician and critic.
Author of: The Philosophy of History (1893), The Neoplatonists: A Study in the History of Hellenism (1901), Origins of Christianity(1904), Apollonius of Tyana and Other Essays (1906),
The Liberal State (1907), Priests, Philosophers, and Prophets (1911), The Theory of Abstract Ethics (1916), The Metaphysics of Evolution (1926), His Prolegomena to a New Metaphysic (1931), Reason(1934). Contributed entries to DNB for : Thomas Bedwell, William Bewley, John Bonnycastle, Henry Briggs (1561-1630).

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Whittaker_(metaphysician) .

Maurice Henry Hewlett (1861-1923), was an English historical novelist, poet and essayist. He was born at Weybridge, the eldest son of Henry Gay Hewlett, of Shaw Hall, Addington, Kent. He was educated at the London International College, Spring Grove, Isleworth, and was called to the bar in 1891. He gave up the law after the success of Forest Lovers . From 1896 to 1901 he was Keeper of Lands, Revenues, Records and Enrolments, a government post as adviser on matters of medieval law.

Hewlett married Hilda Beatrice Herbert on 3 January 1888 in St. Peter's Church, Vauxhall, where her father was the incumbent vicar. The couple had two children, a daughter, Pia, and a son, Francis, but separated in 1914, partly due to Hilda's increasing interest in aviation. In 1911, Hilda had become the first woman in the UK to gain a pilot's licence.

He settled at Broad Chalke, Wiltshire. His friends included Evelyn Underhill, and Ezra Pound, whom he met at the Poet's Club in London. He was also a friend of J. M. Barrie, who named one of the pirates in Peter Pan "Cecco" after Hewlett's son.

Hewlett was parodied by Max Beerbohm in A Christmas Garland in the part titled "Fond Hearts Askew".

(from Wikipedia entry)

Ada Ellen Bayly (March 25, 1857 - February 8, 1903), a.k.a. Edna Lyall, was an English novelist. Bayly was born in Brighton, the youngest of four children of a barrister. At an early age, she lost both her parents and she spent her youth with an uncle in Surrey and in a Brighton private school. Bayly never married and she seems to have spent her adult life living with her two married sisters and her brother, a clergyman in Bosbury in Herefordshire. In 1879, she published her first novel, Won by Waiting, under the pen name of "Edna Lyall" (apparently derived from transposing letters from Ada Ellen Bayly). The book was not a success. Success came with We Two, based on the life of Charles Bradlaugh, a social reformer and advocate of free thought. Her historical novel In the Golden Days was the last book read to John Ruskin on his deathbed. Bayly wrote eighteen novels.

For more information see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Ellen_Bayly .

(from Wikipedia entry)

George Croom Robertson (10 March 1842 - 20 September 1892) was a Scottish philosopher.

He was born in Aberdeen. In 1857 he gained a bursary at Marischal College, and graduated MA in 1861, with the highest honours in classics and philosophy. In the same year he won a Fergusson scholarship of £100 a year for two years, which enabled him to pursue his studies outside Scotland. He went first to University College, London; at the University of Heidelberg he worked on his German; at the Humboldt University in Berlin he studied psychology, metaphysics and also physiology under Emil du Bois-Reymond, and heard lectures on Hegel, Kant and the history of philosophy, ancient and modern. After two months at the University of Göttingen, he went to Paris in June 1863. In the same year he returned to Aberdeen and helped Alexander Bain with the revision of some of his books.

In 1864 he was appointed to help William Duguid Geddes with his Greek classes, but he devoted his vacations to working on philosophy. In 1866 he was appointed professor of philosophy of mind and logic at University College, London. He remained there until he was forced by ill-health to resign a few months before his death, lecturing on logic, deductive and inductive, systematic psychology and ethics.

He left little published work. A comprehensive work on Hobbes was never completed, though part of the materials were used for an article in the Encyclopædia Britannica, and another portion was published as one of Blackwood's "Philosophical Classics." Together with Bain, he edited George Grote's Aristotle, and was the editor of Mind from its foundation in 1876 till 1891. Robertson had a keen interest in German philosophy, and took every opportunity to make German works on English writers known in the United Kingdom. In philosophy he was principally a follower of Bain and John Stuart Mill. He and his wife (a daughter of Mr Justice Crompton) were involved in many kinds of social work; he sat on the Committee of the National Society for Women's Suffrage, and was actively associated with its president, John Stuart Mill. He also supported the admission of women students to University College.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Croom_Robertson .

(from fonds level description of Rudler papers held at Aberystwyth University)

Frederick William Rudler was born in London on the 8th of July 1840. He began his career at the Museum of Practical Geology in 1861, where he was to remain until 1876. It was during this period, in 1869, that he accepted the role of Assistant Secretary of the Ethnological Society. He then took up a position as lecturer in natural science at the University College of Wales (Aberystwyth), and was to become one of the College's earliest professors of geology.

Rudler became Registrar of the Royal School of Mines in 1879, and held this position for a year. In 1880 he took up the role of President of the Anthropological Department of the British Association, and seven years later he began a two-year spell as President of the Geologists Association. In the same year he was made Curator and Librarian of the Museum of Practical Geology, and would remain so until 1902. Rudler's string of presidencies continued in 1898, when he entered into a year long period as President of the Anthropological Institute. In 1903, he was made President of the Essex Field Club, and the following year President of the S E Union of Scientific Societies.

Rudler published a great deal, and his works appear in various literary and scientific journals. He also acted as assistant editor on Ure's Dictionary of Arts and Manufacturers (1875), and contributed both to the Encyclopaedia Britannica and Thorpe's Dictionary of Applied Chemistry. He died on the 23 January 1915.

For more information, see Hugh Owen Library, Aberystwyth University at: http://www.archiveswales.org.uk/anw/get_collection.php?coll_id=10008&inst_id=42&term=Rudler%20|%20F.%20W.%20%28Frederick%20William%29%20|%201840-1915 ,

Charles Samuel Myers, CBE, FRS (13 March 1873 - 12 October 1946) was an English physicianwho worked as a psychologist. He wrote the first paper on shell shock in 1915, but did not invent the term. He was co-founder of the British Psychological Society and the National Institute of Industrial Psychology. Myers was born in Kensington, London on 13 March 1873, the eldest son of Wolf Myers, a merchant, and his wife, Esther Eugenie Moses. In the 1881 census he is an 8-year-old scholar living at 27 Arundel Gardens, Kensington, London with his parents, 4 brothers and 4 servants.

In the 1891 census he is a scholar, aged 18 living at 49 Leinster Gardens, Paddington, London, with his parents, 4 brothers, a visitor, and 4 servants (cook, housemaid, parlourmaid, and ladies maid) He attended the City of London School where he studied sciences. He attended Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University, where he took a first in each part of the Natural Sciences tripos (1893 and 1895). He was Arnold Gerstenberg student in 1896 (this fund was set up in 1892 for the promotion of the study of Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics among students of Natural Sciences ), and received the degree Doctor in Medicine from Gonville and Caius in October 1901. He also trained at St Bartholomew's Hospital in London. In 1898 he joined W. H. R. Rivers and William McDougall on the Cambridge anthropological expedition organised by Alfred Cort Haddon to the Torres Straits and Sarawak. Here he studied ethnic music, carrying out research on rhythm in Borneo. Between 1901 and 1902 Myers was involved in the collection of anhropometric measurements of Egyptians

On his return to England he was appointed house physician at St Bartholomew's. In 1902 he returned to Cambridge to help Rivers teach the physiology of the special senses.

In 1904 Myers married Edith Babette, youngest daughter of Isaac Seligman, a merchant in London; they had three daughters and two sons. Myers remained in Cambridge to become, in succession, demonstrator, lecturer, and, in 1921, reader in experimental psychology. From 1906 to 1909 he was also professor in experimental psychology at London University.

In 1909, when W.H.R. Rivers resigned a part of his Lectureship, Myers became the first lecturer at Cambridge University whose whole duty was to teach experimental psychology. For this he received a stipend of

Lee Lorch (20 September 1915-28 February 2014), a mathematician and social activist, is best known for his involvement in the civil rights movement in the United States to desegregate housing and schooling and improve educational opportunities for women and visual minorities, as well as his political persecution by members of the House Committee of Un-American Activities. Lorch was dismissed or forced to resign from various academic positions during the 1950s due to his social activism and Communist sympathies.

Born in New York City, Lorch attended Cornell University and later the University of Cincinnati, where he obtained his MA (1936) and PhD (1941) in mathematics. From 1942-1943, Lorch worked as a mathematician for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. He married Grace Lonergan, a Boston area school teacher on 24 December 1943. During World War II, Lorch served in the U.S. Army, working in India and the Pacific. After 1946, the couple eventually settled in New York City with their young daughter in Stuyvesant Town, a private planned housing community whose tenants were veterans. Lorch, by then Assistant Professor at the City College of New York, petitioned the developer, Metropolitan Life, to allow African-Americans to rent units. In 1949, pressure from Metropolitan Life led to Lorch's dismissal from City College. When the family moved so Lorch could teach at Penn State College, they allowed a black family, the Hendrixes, to occupy the apartment in violation of the housing policy. Under pressure, Penn State College dismissed Lorch in April 1950, after which he was hired as Associate Professor at Fisk University, a historically-black institution in Nashville, TN. He became full Professor and Department Chair of Mathematics in 1953. In response to the Brown vs Board of Education ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court, the Lorches attempted to enroll their daughter in the closest high school to their home in 1954, which previously had been all-black. As a result, Lorch was called before the House Un-American Activities Committee in September of 1954, where he refused to testify regarding his political affiliations and civil rights activities. Under pressure from its white-dominated board of directors, Fisk University fired Lorch in 1955.

The family moved to Little Rock, AK, where Lorch found work at Philander Smith College. On 4 September 1957, during the Little Rock Central High School Crisis, Grace Lorch intervened to protect Elizabeth Eckford (one of the "Little Rock Nine") from an angry white mob. In October Mrs. Lorch was subpoenaed to appear before the United States Senate Internal Security Subcommittee (chaired by Mississippi Senator James Eastland). After receiving death threats and finding dynamite in the family's garage door, Lorch resigned from Philander Smith College.

After working as a visiting lecturer at Wesleyan University, Lorch was hired in 1959 by the University Alberta. In 1968, Lorch was hired by York University, where he remained until his official retirement in 1985. Lorch worked throughout the 1960s and 1970s to develop contacts between western and Eastern Bloc mathematicians. He continued to advocate for the rights of women and minorities, particularly within the academic and scientific sphere, and was one of the first academics to challenge mandatory retirement in Canada.

Lee Lorch has contributed to the study of the order of magnitude and asymptotic expansion of the Lebesgue constants for various expansions. In partnership with Peter Szego, he also started a new field of study, analyzing the higher monotonicity properties of Sturm-Liouville functions. Lorch was active in various community, political and professional organizations, including the Royal Society of Canada, the Canadian and American Mathematical Societies, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

Lorch passed away on 28 February 2014.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Anagarika Dharmapala (Sinhala: අනගාරික ධර්මපාල; 17 September 1864 - 29 April 1933) was a Sri Lankan Buddhist revivalist and writer. He was one of the founding contributors of non-violent Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalism and Buddhism. He was also a pioneer in the revival of Buddhism in India after it had been virtually extinct there for several centuries, and he was the first Buddhist in modern times to preach the Dharma in three continents: Asia, North America, and Europe. Along with Henry Steel Olcott and Helena Blavatsky, the creators of the Theosophical Society, he was a major reformer and revivalist of Ceylonese Buddhism and very crucial figure in its Western transmission. Dharmapala is one of the most revered Buddhists in the 20th century.

Born 17 September 1864 in Colombo, Ceylon to Don Carolis Hewavitharana and Mallika Dharmagunawardhana (the daughter of Andiris Perera Dharmagunawardhana), who were among the richest merchants of Ceylon at the time. He was named Don David Hewavitharane. His younger brothers were Dr Charles Alwis Hewavitharana and Edmund Hewavitarne.

Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) was a British colony, so Hewavitarne's state education was an English one: he attended Christian College, Kotte; St Benedict's College, Kotahena; S. Thomas' College, Mutwal and the Colombo Academy (Royal College).

In 1875 in New York, Madame Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott had founded the Theosophical Society. They were both very sympathetic to what they understood of Buddhism, and in 1880 they arrived in Ceylon, declared themselves to be Buddhists, and publicly took the Refuges and Precepts from a prominent Sinhalese bhikkhu. Colonel Olcott kept coming back to Ceylon and devoted himself there to the cause of Buddhist education, eventually setting up more than 300 Buddhist schools, some of which are still in existence. It was in this period that Hewavitarne changed his name to Anagarika Dharmapala.

'Dharmapala' means 'protector of the dharma'. 'Anagarika' means "homeless one". It is a midway status between monk and layperson. As such, he took the eight precepts (refrain from killing, stealing, sexual activity, wrong speech, intoxicating drinks and drugs, eating after noon, entertainments and fashionable attire, and luxurious beds) for life. These eight precepts were commonly taken by Ceylonese laypeople on observance days. But for a person to take them for life was highly unusual. Dharmapala was the first anagarika - that is, a celibate, full-time worker for Buddhism - in modern times. It seems that he took a vow of celibacy at the age of eight and remained faithful to it all his life. Although he wore a yellow robe, it was not of the traditional bhikkhu pattern, and he did not shave his head. He felt that the observance of all the vinaya rules would get in the way of his work, especially as he flew around the world. Neither the title nor the office became popular, but in this role, he "was the model for lay activism in modernist Buddhism." He is considered a bodhisattva in Sri Lanka.

His trip to Bodh-Gaya was inspired by an 1885 visit there by Sir Edwin Arnold, author of The Light of Asia, who soon started advocating for the renovation of the site and its return to Buddhist care. Arnold was directed towards this endeavour by Weligama Sri Sumangala Thera.

At the invitation of Paul Carus, he returned to the U.S. in 1896, and again in 1902-04, where he traveled and taught widely.

Dharmapala eventually broke with Olcott and the Theosophists because of Olcott's stance on universal religion. "One of the important factors in his rejection of theosophy centered on this issue of universalism; the price of Buddhism being assimilated into a non-Buddhist model of truth was ultimately too high for him." Dharmapala stated that Theosophy was "only consolidating Krishna worship." "To say that all religions have a common foundation only shows the ignorance of the speaker; Dharma alone is supreme to the Buddhist."

At Sarnath in 1933 he was ordained a bhikkhu, and he died at Sarnath in December of the same year, aged 68.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anagarika_Dharmapala .

(From Wikipedia entry)

Margaret Louisa Woods (1856 - 1945) was an English writer, known for her novels and poetry. She was the daughter of the scholar George Granville Bradley and sister to fellow writer Mabel Birchenough. She married Henry George Woods, who became President of Trinity College, Oxford and Master of the Temple.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Louisa_Woods .

Dini Petty (b. 15 January 1945) is a Canadian broadcaster, television personality and talk show host. Born in England, her family emigrated to Canada when she was four months old. In her early childhood Petty moved with her parents and two siblings to various cities in Canada and the United States, including the Rockcliffe neighbourhood in Ottawa, Ontario, Galt, Ontario, Baltimore, Maryland, and Danbury Connecticut, until settling in Toronto at the age of eleven where Dini Petty's mother Molly started a modeling agency with Sylvia Train , Producers' Services and her father Gord opened one of the country's first animation houses, Film Technique. Petty attended Park Lawn Public School in Etobicoke, and the Brown School and North Toronto Collegiate in Toronto. Petty has remarked that "I got thrown out of every high school I went to, for talking. No one mentioned this could be a career move."

As an adolescent, Petty worked as a model for her mother's agency working in local commercials, photo shoots and documentaries ("Who is Sylvia", 1957) under the name Diana Kerr (her mother's maiden name). She married at 18 and worked in Peterson Productions (one of Canada's first commercial studios). In 1968, Petty was approached by CKEY radio employee Tommy Vradenberg to join the company. Petty had been active in the Toronto Parachute Club as a skydiver and as a result, CKEY thought she would be a good candidate to fly the company's helicopter to report the morning weather and traffic for the city of Toronto. Petty acquired her pilot's license and became known as "The Girl in the Pink Helicopter" as the radio station developed a marketing strategy around Petty in which she dressed in pink, rode a pink helicopter and drove a pink car while on the job. Petty was a traffic reporter for CKEY for several years before giving birth to her first child, at which point she took a job at CITYTV in 1979, where she hosted a phone-in show titled "HELP", later reworked as "Sweet City Woman" which eventually developed into "City Line". She also worked as a reporter for City Pulse news along with Gord Martineau, Colin Vaughan, Peter Silverman, Anne Mroczkowski and Jojo Chintoh.

Dini has received the Jaycees nomination for "Outstanding Canadian." She was one of three finalists in the 1980 ACTRA awards for "best TV Documentary Writer". Her series "Incest: Scandal in the Family", won the silver medal in the nation-wide Can Pro Awards in 1980. In 1981 her documentary "Having A Baby" (which followed her own pregnancy and the birth of her son) won the gold medal at Can Pro, plus the "Award of Excellance", the highest award for the Can Pro festival. She was also nominated for "best TV documentary writer" in the 1981 ACTRA awards.

Petty anchored CITY-TV'scurrent affairs program CityWide from May 1987 to 1989 when she left to work for CFTO-TV, which launched The Dini Petty Show. Directed by Randy Gulliver, The Dini Petty show ran from 1989 to 1999. A reflection of the popular culture at the time, the daily talk show featured interviews with actors, authors, singers and performers. The show received the NATPE (National Association of Television Program Executives) International Iris Award in 1992 for an hour-long interview with Red Skelton, as well as Gemini Awards for best host (awarded in 1992, nominated in 1997 and 1998), a Can-Pro Award in 1997 for a one hour interview with Sara Ferguson, Duchess of York. Petty's contract ended with CTV in 2000 which led to a legal case that resulted in Petty being awarded the broadcast tapes of "The Dini Petty Show".

Dini Petty continued to contribute and develop documentary television as well as contributing to charitable causes such as the Coats for Kids campaign, the Pregnancy Youth Line and the Christian Children's Fund projects related to children, and as a spokesperson for Amnesty International. Petty has also written a best-selling children's book "The Queen, The Bear and The Bumblebee" which has been translated into three languages and developed into a musical by The Children's Group. She continues to speak publicly and in recently toured her one-woman show, A Broad View in Canada.

Arnold C. Taylor was a translator and editor of Pali Text Society, including of "Kathāvatthu", "Paṭisambhidāmagga.", "Tipiṭaka.", "Suttapiṭaka", "Abhidhammapiṭaka."

Frank Barrett was an Associate Professor in Geography, Atkinson College, York University. He was born in 1935 in Toronto, Ontario, educated at the University of Toronto (BA 1958), the University of Minnesota (MA 1964), and Michigan State University where he received his PhD (Geography - African Studies and Sociology) in 1973. Dr. Barrett primarily researched, taught, and published about the geographical aspect of disease, the history of medical geography and geographical medicine, geographical thought, and Africa's cultural areas, disease patterns, and medical care and nutrition. He served York University in many administrative and collegial capacities, including Chair, Dept. Geography and Urban Studies, Atkinson College (1981-1982, 1988-1989, and 1999-2001).

(from Wikipedia entry)

Meredith White Townsend (1831-1911) was an English journalist and editor of the The Spectator. With Richard Holt Hutton, he was joint-editor of the Spectator until 1887, and he was largely instrumental in making it an established success, writing most of the political articles and the opening paragraphs every week. His two chief publications were The Great Governing Families of England (1865), written in conjunction with Langton Sanford, and Asia and Europe (1901).

Townsend was considered as one of the finest journalists of his day, and he has since been called "the greatest leader writer ever to appear in the English Press." Townsend was born at Bures, Suffolk on April 1, 1831. He was educated at Ipswich Grammar School. In 1848, he went out to India, and four years later became editor of the Friend of India, acting also for some years as Times correspondent. In 1860, Townsend returned to England and purchased the weekly Spectator in partnership with Hutton. Townsend and Hutton remained co-proprietors and joint editors for 25 years, taking a strong stand on some of the most controversial issues of their day. They supported the Federalists against the South in the American Civil War, an unpopular position which, at the time, did some damage to the paper’s circulation, though gained readers in the long run when the North won. They also launched an all-out assault on Benjamin Disraeli, accusing him in a series of leaders of jettisoning ethics for politics by ignoring the atrocities committed against Bulgarian civilians by Turkey in the 1870s. Towsend published Asia and Europe in 1901, the studies presenting the conclusions formed by him in a long life devoted to the subject of the relations between Asia and Europe. He had previously published The Great Governing Families of England (1865) in partnership with John Langton Sanford. The book detailed the histories of the great administrator-families of England. Townsend also contributed to a biography of the Islamic prophet Mohamed, which was presented predominantly from a British Imperial point of view. In 1887, Townsend was succeeded by John St Loe Strachey, a young aristocrat who had replaced H.H. Asquith (the future Prime Minister) as a leader-writer of the Spectator during the previous year." Townsend died at Little Bookham, Surrey on 21 October 1911.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meredith_Townsend .

Charles Carleton Massey (1838-1905) fut un avocat, astrologue, th

An American postmodern choreographer based in San Francisco and founder of the Margaret Jenkins Dance Company.

Henry Scott Holland (27 January 1847 - 17 March 1918) was Regius Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford. He was also a canon of Christ Church, Oxford. The Scott Holland Memorial Lectures are held in his memory. He was born at Ledbury, Herefordshire, the son of George Henry Holland (1818-1891) of Dumbleton Hall, Evesham, and of the Hon. Charlotte Dorothy Gifford, the daughter of Lord Gifford. He was educated at Eton where he was a pupil of the influential Master William Johnson Cory, and at the Balliol College of the University of Oxford where he took a first class degree in Greats. During his Oxford time he was greatly influenced by T.H. Green. He had the Oxford degrees of DD, MA, and Honorary DLitt.

(from Wikipedia entry)

John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir PC GCMG GCVO CH (26 August 1875 – 11 February 1940) was a Scottish novelist, historian and Unionist politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 15th since Canadian Confederation.

After a brief legal career Buchan simultaneously began both his writing career and his political and diplomatic career, serving as a private secretary to the colonial administrator of various colonies in Southern Africa. He eventually wrote propaganda for the British war effort in the First World War. Once he was back in civilian life Buchan was elected Member of Parliament for the Combined Scottish Universities, but he spent most of his time on his writing career, notably writing The Thirty-Nine Steps and other adventure fiction.

In 1935 he was appointed Governor General of Canada by King George V, on the recommendation of Prime Minister of Canada Richard Bennett, to replace the Earl of Bessborough. He occupied the post until his death in 1940. Buchan proved to be enthusiastic about literacy, as well as the evolution of Canadian culture, and he received a state funeral in Canada before his ashes were returned to the United Kingdom.

For more detail see wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Buchan.

Leo Panitch was a Distinguished Research Professor, renowned political economist, Marxist theorist and editor of the Socialist Register. He was born 3 May 1945 in Winnipeg, Manitoba and received a B.A. (Hons.) from the University of Manitoba in 1967 and a M.Sc.(Hons.) and PhD from the London School of Economics and Political Science in 1968 and 1974, respectively. He was a Lecturer, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor and Professor at Carleton University between 1972 and 1984.

He was a Professor of Political Science at York University from 1984 until his retirement in 2016.. He was the Chair of the Department of Political Science at York from 1988-1994. He was the General Co-editor of State and Economic Life series, U. of T. Press, from 1979 to 1995 and the Co-founder and a Board Member of Studies in Political Economy. He is also the author of numerous articles and books dealing with political science including The End of Parliamentary Socialism (1997). He was a member of the Movement for an Independent and Socialist Canada, 1973-1975, the Ottawa Committee for Labour Action, 1975-1984, the Canadian Political Science Association, the Committee of Socialist Studies, the Marxist Institute and the Royal Society of Canada. Panitch died in Toronto on 19 December 2020.

Isadora Duncan (1877-1927) was an American dancer whose teaching and performances helped free ballet from its conservative restrictions and spurred the development of modern expressive dance. She was among the first to raise interpretive dance to the status of creative art.

?? Alessandro Levi ( Venice , November 19th 1881 - Bern , September 6 1953 ) was a lawyer and anti-fascist Italian . From a Jewish family, the son of James, Director of Assicurazioni Generali , and Irene Levi Civita, sister of James Levi-Civita , he graduated in Law in 1902 in the ' University of Padua with a thesis on Crime and punishment in the thought of the Greeks , published the following year in Turin by the Brothers Mouth, and reviewed on Criticism by Georges Sorel .

Democratic and socialist ideas, he worked in Social Criticism , and after the rise of fascism, the group of Freedom and Justice .

In 1938, following the Fascist racial laws , was ousted from the teaching of Philosophy of Law at the ' University of Catania . In 1940 he underwent the sentence to confinement and later expatriated to Switzerland. After the fall of fascism, he returned to teach at the ' University of Florence . He was a member of the ' National Academy of Lincei .

(from Wikipedia entry)

James Whitbread Lee Glaisher FRS FRAS (5 November 1848, Lewisham – 7 December 1928, Cambridge), son of James Glaisher, the meteorologist, was a prolific English mathematician and astronomer.

He was educated at St Paul's School and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was second wrangler in 1871. Influential in his time on teaching at the University of Cambridge, he is now remembered mostly for work in number theory that anticipated later interest in the detailed properties of modular forms. He published widely over other fields of mathematics.

He was the editor-in-chief of Messenger of Mathematics. He was also the 'tutor' of the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (tutor being a non-academic role in Cambridge University). He was president of the Royal Astronomical Society 1886-1888 and 1901-1903.

For more information see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Whitbread_Lee_Glaisher .

(from Wikipedia entry)

George Herbert Fowler (4 September 1861, Lincoln – 15 August 1940, Aspley Guise) was an English zoologist, historian and archivist.

Fowler was educated at Marlborough College, Eton College and Keble College, Oxford. From 1887 to 1889 he was assistant to E. Ray Lankester at University College, London. In 1890 he was interim director of the recently founded Plymouth laboratory of the Marine Biological Association. In 1891 he returned to teaching zoology at UCL. Fowler and R. Norris Wolfenden founded the Challenger Society for Marine Science in 1903. Fowler retired from UCL in 1909.

In retirement Fowler lived at Aspley Guise, Bedfordshire, and his interests turned to local history. He established the Bedfordshire Historical Record Society in 1912 and the Bedfordshire Record Office in 1913, continuing to serve as chairman of the county records committee until 1940. During World War I he worked in hydrographic and naval intelligence, preparing charts for use by submarines. In 1923 he published The Care of County Muniments, which remained for many years the only manual in English relating to the care of local archives. He was also active in the establishment of the British Records Association in 1932.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Herbert_Fowler .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Percy William Bunting (1 Februray 1836- 22 July 1911) was a British journalist.
He was born at Manchester, son of T. P. Bunting, and grandson of Wesleyan divine Jabez Bunting. He was educated at Owen's College, Manchester, and Pembroke College, Cambridge. In 1859 he was classed as 21st wrangler, and three years later was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn. In 1882 he became editor of The Contemporary Review, and henceforth devoted himself to journalism, becoming also editor of the Methodist Times from 1902 to 1907, in succession to Hugh Price Hughes. In 1908 he was knighted. Throughout his life, he was an active supporter of Wesleyan Methodism. He died in London.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_William_Bunting .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Dorothea Beale LLD (21 March 1831 – 9 November 1906) was a suffragist, educational reformer, author and Principal of the Cheltenham Ladies' College.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothea_Beale .

Archival material related to Beale held in several institutions across the UK. See: http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/results/r?_q=Beale%2C%20Dorothea .

Most likely Charles John Samuel Thomson (1862-1943), the Archbishop of York.

Zdenka Volavka, art professor and research associate at the Royal Ontario Museum, was born in Czechoslovakia and received her PhD from Charles University, Prague. She immigrated to Canada in 1968, and was Professor in the Department of Visual Arts, York University. Her research focused on analyzing the social context of visual art, material culture, history, and ethnography of west-central Africa. Her approach to studying African art combined extensive fieldwork with ethnographic, historical, scientific and linguistic analysis. Zdenka also studied the role of copper in the lives of the peoples of the lower Zaïre basin.

Her life's work was inspired by a trip in 1976 to the Musee de l'Homme in Paris, where she recognized the regalia of Ngoyo kinship labelled (for more than forty years) as a fishing basket. This was particularly important as no permanent regalia from any kingdoms in the whole of Central African have been recovered and only one set had ever even been seen by a foreign researcher. This research was published posthumously in "The Crown and the Ritual: The Royal Insignia of Ngoyo".

At York University, a research fellowship is honoured in her name to assist students engaged in field-based art historical research, which may include comparative study through collections as well as field activities, focusing on the art of the indigenous peoples of Africa and/or North America.

She is survived by her husband, Larry Landa, and son, Robert Landa.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Henri-Louis Bergson (18 October 1859 - 4 January 1941) was a French continental philosopher often associated with French Spiritualism. Bergson was born in Paris. In 1891, he married Louise Neuberger, a cousin of Marcel Proust, who was the best man at Bergsons wedding. Bergsons philosophy professed the importance of intuition, perception, and experience over abstract rationalism. One of his most lasting concepts, later taken up by French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, is that of multiplicity. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1927 and the Grand-Croix de la Legion d`Honneur in 1930. His wife destroyed his writings (at his request) resulting in decline in interest in his works throughout the 20thC.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Bergson .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Thomas William Rhys Davids (12 May 1843 – 27 December 1922) was a British scholar of the Pāli language and founder of the Pali Text Society. In 1894 Rhys Davids married Caroline Augusta Foley, a noted Pāli scholar. Unlike his wife, however, Rhys Davids was a critic and opponent of Theosophy. They had three children. The eldest, Vivien, was involved in the Girl Guide movement and was a friend of Robert Baden-Powell. Their only son, Arthur Rhys Davids, was a Royal Flying Corps 25-victory fighter ace who was killed in World War I.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_William_Rhys_Davids .

(from Wikipedia entry)

Samuel Alexander OM (6 January 1859, Sydney – 13 September 1938, Manchester) was an Australian-born British philosopher. He was the first Jewish fellow of an Oxbridge college. Professor of Philosophy at University of Manchester. Author of "Moral Order" and "Progress, Space Time and Deity".

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Alex.

(from Wikipedia entry)

Alexander Faulkner Shand FBA (20 May 1858 - 6 January 1936) was an English writer and barrister. Born in Bayswater, London he was the son of Hugh Morton Shand, a Scot, and his wife Edrica Faulkner, Italian born but the daughter of Joshua Wilson Faulkner of Kent. He was a founding member of the British Psychological Society in 1901 and was awarded with honorary membership in 1934. He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA). Through his son Philip, he is the paternal great-grandfather of HRH Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Faulkner_Shand .

editor of "Hibbert Journal". Lawrence Pearsall Jacks (9 October 1860 - 17 February 1955), abbreviated L. P. Jacks was an English educator, philosopher, and Unitarian minister who rose to prominence in the period from World War I to World War II.Jacks was born on 9 October 1860 in Nottingham,
to Anne Steere and Jabez Jacks. When his father died in 1874, George
Herbert, at the University School in Nottingham, allowed the 14 year old
Jacks to continue his education without fee. At about the same time,
his family took in a Unitarian lodger, Sam Collinson, who discussed
religion with Jacks and lent him books such as Matthew Arnold's Literature and Dogma.
Jacks left school at the age of 17 and spent the next five years
teaching at private schools, while earning a degree as an External
Student at the University of London.
In 1882, Jacks enrolled in Manchester New College, London, to train for the clergy, and became a Unitarian while at the College, under the influence of James Estlin Carpenter and James Martineau. After graduating, he spent a year on scholarship at Harvard University, where he studied with the philosopher Josiah Royce and the literary scholar Charles Eliot Norton. In 1887, after returning from the United States of America,
he received an unexpected invitation (due to Carpenter's
recommendation) to take the prestigious position of assistant minister
to Stopford Brooke
in his chapel in London; he later wrote that "Had I received an
invitation to become demigod to Apollo my surprise would hardly have
been greater." He served as assistant minister for a year, and then
accepted a position as Unitarian minister for Renshaw Street Chapel in Liverpool in 1888.
In 1889, Jacks married Olive Brooke (the fourth daughter of Stopford
Brooke), whom he had fallen in love with on the ship returning from
America. They had six children together.
In 1894, Jacks was appointed minister for the Church of the Messiah, Birmingham, England, where he developed his democratic
political and religious views, holding that "the Common Man is the
appointed saviour of the world," and developed his idea of a natural
religion accessible to everyone, regardless of denomination or creed. In 1903 he accepted a Professorship at Manchester College, Oxford, where he taught philosophy and theology. He taught the work of Henri Bergson and Baruch Spinoza, and published The Alchemy of Thought
in 1910. He served as Principal of the College from 1915 until his
retirement in 1931, where he opened the theology program to lay students
and tried to introduce the study of Asian religious thought, in an
effort to relieve what he saw as the "insufficient ventilation" in the
theology program.
Jacks served as the editor of the Hibbert Journal from its founding in 1902 until 1948. Under his editorship the Journal
became one of the leading forums in England for work in philosophy and
religion. He gained international notoriety as a public intellectual
with the outbreak of World War I,
when he wrote in support of the war effort, citing the need to defeat
German militarism and defend "the liberties of our race." In September
1915, he published "The Peacefulness of Being at War" in The New Republic,
arguing that the war had "brought to England a peace of mind such as
she had not possessed for decades," claiming that the sense of common
purpose brought on by the war had overcome social fragmentation and
improved English life.
After the war, Jacks wrote prolifically and gained popularity as a
lecturer in Britain and America. He frequently returned to the theme of
militarism and the "mechanical" mindset, which he regarded as one of the
greatest threats in modern life. In his Revolt Against Mechanism
(1933), he wrote that "The mechanical mind has a passion for control

Leonard Huxley (11 December 1860 - 2 May 1933) was an English schoolteacher, writer and editor. His father was the zoologist Thomas Henry Huxley, commonly referred to as 'Darwin's bulldog'. Leonard was educated at University College School, London, St. Andrews University, and Balliol College, Oxford. He first married Julia Arnold, daughter of Tom Arnold. She was a sister of the novelist Mrs. Humphry Ward, niece of the poet Matthew Arnold, and granddaughter of Thomas Arnold, the headmaster of Rugby School (immortalised as a character in Tom Brown's Schooldays).

Their four children included the biologist Julian Huxley (1887-1975) and the writer Aldous Huxley (1894-1963). Their middle son, Noel Trevenen (born in 1889), committed suicide in 1914. Their daughter, Margaret Arnold Huxley, was born in 1899 and died on 11 October 1981. Julia Arnold died of cancer in 1908.

After the death of his first wife, Leonard married Rosalind Bruce, and had two further sons. The elder of these was David Bruce Huxley (1915-1992), whose daughter Angela married George Pember Darwin, son of the physicist Charles Galton Darwin. The younger was the 1963 Nobel Prize-winning physiologist Andrew Huxley (1917-2012). Huxley's major biographies were the three volumes of Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley and the two volumes of Life and Letters of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker OM GCSI. He also published Thomas Henry Huxley: a character sketch, and a short biography of Darwin. He was assistant master at Charterhouse School between 1884 and 1901. He was then the assistant editor of Cornhill Magazine between 1901 and 1916, becoming its editor in 1916.

T.J.A. Le Goff (1942- ), began teaching at York University in 1969 as a lecturer and subsequently attained the rank of full professor in the department of history in 2002. He was educated at the University of British Columbia (BA (Hons) 1965) and the University of London (PhD 1970). His research interest is in seventeenth and eighteenth-century rural society in France. He is the author of several studies, including 'Vannes and its region: a study of town and country in eighteenth-century France,' (1981), and editor of 'Vannes aux debut de la Revolution,' (1989).

(From Wikipedia entry)

George Howard Wilkinson was Bishop of Truro and then of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane, in the last quarter of the 19th century and the early part of the 20th.

He was born on 1 May 1833 and educated at Durham School and Oriel College, Oxford and then embarked on an ecclesiastical career with a curacy at Kensington after which he held incumbencies at Seaham Harbour, Auckland, Soho and Eaton Square, a parish in a wealthy part of London, before elevation to the Episcopate.

The founder of the Community of the Epiphany (1883). He died on 1 December 1907.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Wilkinson_(bishop) .

Gustav Spiller (1864 - February 1940) was a Hungarian-born ethical and sociological writer who was active in Ethical Societies in the United Kingdom. He helped to organize the First Universal Races Congress in 1911. Born in Budapest to a Jewish family, Gustav Spiller came to London in 1885 and gained work as a compositor. Influenced by Stanton Coit, until 1901 he worked as a printer work for the Bank of England for six months every year, using the rest of his time for self-education. In 1901 he became a lecturer for the Ethical movement, and in 1904 the salaried secretary of the International Union of Ethical Societies.

Spiller and Felix Adler organized the International Congress of Moral Education, held at the University of London in September 1908. There Spiller promoted the idea of a Universal Races Congress, which took place in London in 1911 with financial support from John E. Milholland.

By 1920 Spiller had joined the Labour Office of the League of Nations in Geneva.

Delmar McCormack Smyth (1922- ), educator, was born and educated in Toronto, receiving the PhD from the University of Toronto in 1972. Originally in manufacturing, Smyth became the assistant administrative director of the Canadian International Trade Fair in the federal Ministry of Trade and Commerce, 1951-1956. He then joined the administration of the University of Toronto as assistant registrar. He subsequently became director of admissions, 1956-1960. After study at Cambridge, he became assistant to the president and lecturer in political science at York University in 1962. Other appointments at York included dean of Atkinson College, 1963-1969, director of the Centre for Continuing Education and professor of administration. He has also served as the vice chairman of the Ontario Council of Regents for Colleges of Applied Arts and Science (1966-1973), as member of the Council of the Bishop Strachan School (1966-1973), and on the Ontario Regional Committee, Canadian Council of Christians and Jews (1965-1970). Smyth has served on editorial boards for journals in the field of education, and has written several articles and books including, 'Government for higher education,' (1970) and co-authorship of 'The house that Ryerson built,' (1984).

(from Wikipedia entry)

Second wife of Laurence Oliphant. They married in 1888. Granddaughter of Robert Owen of Malvern (14 May 1771 - 17 November 1858) a Welsh social reformer and one of the founders of utopian socialism and the cooperative movement.
Rosamond later married James Murray Templeton.
A biography, "In search of arcadia : the life of Rosamond Dale Owen Oliphant Templeton (1846-1937)" published in 1998 by Silke Tornede.

For more information, see Wikipedia entry at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_Oliphant_(author) ,

Most likely Horatio Nelson, 3rd Earl Nelson (7 August 1823 - 25 February 1913) was a British politician.

He was the son of Thomas Bolton (a nephew of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson) by his wife Frances Elizabeth Eyre. On 28 February 1835 his father inherited the title Earl Nelson from William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson and adopted the surname of Nelson. He died on 1 November that year, and his son Horatio succeeded to the title and the estate, Trafalgar House in Wiltshire.

He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was president of the University Pitt Club.

In the House of Lords Lord Nelson supported the Protectionist Tories under Lord Derby, and served as party chief whip in the Lords. However, when Lord Derby formed his first government in February 1852, Nelson was replaced by Lord Colville of Culross. He never held government office.

Lord Nelson was a member of the Canterbury Association from 17 October 1850.

Lord Nelson was married on 28 July 1845 at St George Hanover Square church to Lady Mary Jane Diana Agar, daughter of the second Earl of Normanton and granddaughter of the eleventh Earl of Pembroke. She died in 1904. They had several children, including Herbert Horatio, styled Viscount Trafalgar, who died in 1905, Thomas Horatio, who succeeded his father as fourth Earl Nelson, and Edward Agar Horatio, who eventually succeeded as fifth Earl in 1947. ??

(From Wikipedia entry)
Sophie Willock Bryant (15 February 1850, Sandymount, Dublin – 29 August 1922, Chamonix, France) was an Anglo-Irish mathematician, educator, feminist and activist.

She was the daughter of Revd Dr William Willock DD, Fellow and Tutor of Trinity College, Dublin and was educated at home, largely by her father. As a teenager she moved to London, when her father was appointed Professor of Geometry at the University of London in 1863, and she attended Bedford College. At the age of nineteen she married Dr William Hicks Bryant, a surgeon ten years older than she was, who died of cirrhosis within a year.[1][2]

In 1875 she became a teacher and was invited by Frances Mary Buss to join the staff of North London Collegiate School. In 1885 she succeeded Miss Buss as headmistress of North London Collegiate, serving until 1918.[1][2]

When the University of London opened its degree courses to women in 1878, she became one of the first women to obtain First Class Honours, in Mental and Moral Sciences, together with a degree in mathematics in 1881, and three years later was awarded the degree of Doctor of Science. In 1882 she was the third woman to be elected to the London Mathematical Society, and was the first active female member, publishing her first paper with the Society in 1884.

Sophie Bryant was a pioneer in education for women. She was the first woman to receive a DSc in England; one of the first three women to be appointed to a Royal Commission, the Bryce commission on Secondary Education in 1894–1895; and one of the first three women to be appointed to the Senate of the University of London. When Trinity College Dublin opened its degrees to women, Bryant was one of the first to be awarded an honorary doctorate. She was also instrumental in setting up the Cambridge Training College for Women, now Hughes Hall, Cambridge. She is also said to have been one of the first women to own a bicycle.

She was interested in Irish politics, wrote books on Irish History and ancient Irish law, and was an ardent Protestant Irish nationalist. She supported women's suffrage but advocated postponement until women were better educated.

She enjoyed mountain climbing and climbed the Matterhorn twice. She died in a hiking accident in the Alps in 1922.

For more information see Wikipedia entry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie_Bryant .